Astaxanthin

Both support cardiovascular and skin health

Comprehensive cardiovascular and anti-inflammatory support

⟡ Vitamin C

Different antioxidant mechanisms

Water-soluble and fat-soluble antioxidant coverage

⟡ Lutein + Zeaxanthin

Different carotenoids with complementary eye benefits

Comprehensive eye and antioxidant protection

Top studies from 39+ peer-reviewed papers

📚meta-analysisn=518

Garzón M et al. • Musculoskeletal science & practice (2024)

“This review provides limited conclusions about natural history of tendinopathies.”

Key Findings:

Pooled results demonstrated significant pain (SMD = 0.30, 95%CI: 0.19-0.41) and physical function improvement (SMD = 0.38, 95%CI: 0.28-0.48).
This review provides limited conclusions about natural history of tendinopathies.
Future studies should incorporate true no-intervention groups to accurately reflect tendinopathy's natural progression.

📚meta-analysisn=440

Ozkan H et al. • JAMA network open (2025)

“Patient-reported nonmotor outcomes were common after stroke.”

Key Findings:

Meta-regression analysis showed no significant improvement over time for most nonmotor outcomes, except pain (coefficient = -11.0%; P = .05) and sexual dysfunction (coefficient = -24.1%; P < .001).
The heterogeneity ranged between 52% and 98% across all studies.
Patient-reported nonmotor outcomes were common after stroke.
Sexual dysfunction, sleep disturbance, constipation, reduced social participation, bladder dysfunction, and fatigue were most prevalent.

📚meta-analysisn=233

Ghobara T et al. • The Cochrane database of systematic reviews (2025)

“As the evidence was often of low certainty, and the confidence intervals were wide and therefore consistent with possible benefit and harm, we are uncertain whether one cycle regimen is more effective and safer than another in preparation for FET in subfertile women.”

Key Findings:

We are uncertain of a difference in miscarriage rate (OR 0.09, 95% CI 0.00 to 1.61; 1 study, 241 participants; low-certainty evidence) and ongoing pregnancy rate (OR 1.01, 95% CI 0.59 to 1.74; 1 study, 241 participants; low-certainty evidence).
There is probably little or no difference in ongoing pregnancy rate (OR 1.29, 95% CI 0.90 to 1.85; 3 studies, 653 participants; moderate-certainty evidence) or in miscarriage rate (OR 0.83, 95% CI 0.43 to 1.61; 4 studies, 798 participants; moderate-certainty evidence).
We are uncertain whether the use of HT FET decreases miscarriage rate compared to modified natural cycle FET (OR 0.51, 95% CI 0.14 to 1.87; 2 studies, 317 participants; very low-certainty evidence).

📚meta-analysisn=223

Storman D et al. • The Cochrane database of systematic reviews (2025)

“We are very uncertain about whether lurasidone offers benefits to the mental state, total serious adverse events, or severe adverse events when compared to typical antipsychotics for people with schizophrenia.”

Key Findings:

We are very uncertain about whether lurasidone offers benefits to the mental state, total serious adverse events, or severe adverse events when compared to typical antipsychotics for people with schizophrenia.
The evidence included in this review is of very low certainty, derived from two small trials.
Study limitations (risk of bias) and imprecise results impacted our confidence in the evidence.
Furthermore, data on mortality (due to suicide or natural causes) or quality of life are unavailable.

📊rctn=4779

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Ho VNA et al. • Lancet (London, England) (2024)

“Although the livebirth rate was similar after natural, modified natural, and artificial cycle endometrial preparation strategies in ovulatory women undergoing FET IVF, no definitive conclusions can be made regarding the comparative safety of the three approaches.”

Key Findings:

Although the livebirth rate was similar after natural, modified natural, and artificial cycle endometrial preparation strategies in ovulatory women undergoing FET IVF, no definitive conclusions can be made regarding the comparative safety of the three approaches.
Further research warranted to confirm findings

View all 39+ studies

What would you like to do next?

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Asx7.5

Astaxanthin

compound

Astaxanthin (Natural)

Carotenoid from algae that spans cell membranes for full-spectrum protection — studied for skin, eye health, and exercise recovery.

longevityrecoveryantioxidantskineyescarotenoid

39+ studies

Evidence

Reviewed 19 days ago

high

Safety

4-12mg

Dose

4-8 weeks

Time to Effect

Softgels from Haematococcus pluvialis algae

Best Form

Mechanisms of Action

🛡️

Membrane-Spanning Antioxidant

Uniquely protects entire cell membrane

🔥

Anti-Inflammatory

Reduces inflammatory signaling

⚡

Mitochondrial Protection

Protects cellular powerhouses from damage

Biological PathwayBeta

How Astaxanthin works — from molecular targets to health outcomes. Click an edge to see supporting research.This visualization is in beta — pathways are being refined and expanded.

Supplement

Molecular Target

Biological Process

Health Outcome

Strong

Moderate

Emerging

strong

moderate

emerging

Tap node to isolate • Pinch to zoom • Tap edge for research

Recommended Dose

4-12mg

4mg24mg

Optimal Timing

With a meal containing fat

Take with food

Available Forms

Form	Type
💊Softgels from Haematococcus pluvialis algae	Recommended
💧Oil	Alternative
💊Capsules	Alternative

Natural astaxanthin from algae is preferred over synthetic. Look for products from H. pluvialis microalgae.

Duration

Minimum: 4 weeks

Optimal: 8 weeks

Cycling: Not required

Note: Fat-soluble — take with dietary fat for absorption. Can be taken any time of day.

✨

Skin Health

Improved skin moisture, elasticity, and UV protection

⏱️ 6-12 weeks

60% of users notice thispositive

👁️

Reduced Eye Fatigue

Less eye strain from screens

⏱️ 4 weeks

55% of users notice thispositive

💪

Exercise Recovery

Reduced oxidative stress after exercise

⏱️ 2-4 weeks

50% of users notice thispositive

High SafetyMax safe dose: Up to 24mg/day shown safe

🟢

Pregnant/nursing

Likely safe at low doses; insufficient data for high doses

Who Should NOT Take This

Allergy to algae or seafood (check source)

Drug Interactions

Blood thinnersmild

May have mild antiplatelet effects — may affect platelet aggregation or vitamin K-dependent clotting factors, altering anticoagulant efficacy

Hormone therapiesmild

May affect 5-alpha reductase activity

Possible Side Effects

Orange skin tint (very high doses)

mildrare

Tip: Reduce dose; harmless and reversible

GI upset

mildrare

Tip: Take with food

Warnings

May cause harmless orange skin tint at very high doses
Natural algae-sourced is preferred over synthetic

⟡ Omega-3

Both support cardiovascular and skin health

Comprehensive cardiovascular and anti-inflammatory support

⟡ Vitamin C

Different antioxidant mechanisms

Water-soluble and fat-soluble antioxidant coverage

⟡ Lutein + Zeaxanthin

Different carotenoids with complementary eye benefits

Comprehensive eye and antioxidant protection

Top studies from 39+ peer-reviewed papers

📚meta-analysisn=518

Garzón M et al. • Musculoskeletal science & practice (2024)

“This review provides limited conclusions about natural history of tendinopathies.”

Key Findings:

Pooled results demonstrated significant pain (SMD = 0.30, 95%CI: 0.19-0.41) and physical function improvement (SMD = 0.38, 95%CI: 0.28-0.48).
This review provides limited conclusions about natural history of tendinopathies.
Future studies should incorporate true no-intervention groups to accurately reflect tendinopathy's natural progression.

📚meta-analysisn=440

Ozkan H et al. • JAMA network open (2025)

“Patient-reported nonmotor outcomes were common after stroke.”

Key Findings:

Meta-regression analysis showed no significant improvement over time for most nonmotor outcomes, except pain (coefficient = -11.0%; P = .05) and sexual dysfunction (coefficient = -24.1%; P < .001).
The heterogeneity ranged between 52% and 98% across all studies.
Patient-reported nonmotor outcomes were common after stroke.
Sexual dysfunction, sleep disturbance, constipation, reduced social participation, bladder dysfunction, and fatigue were most prevalent.

📚meta-analysisn=233

Ghobara T et al. • The Cochrane database of systematic reviews (2025)

“As the evidence was often of low certainty, and the confidence intervals were wide and therefore consistent with possible benefit and harm, we are uncertain whether one cycle regimen is more effective and safer than another in preparation for FET in subfertile women.”

Key Findings:

We are uncertain of a difference in miscarriage rate (OR 0.09, 95% CI 0.00 to 1.61; 1 study, 241 participants; low-certainty evidence) and ongoing pregnancy rate (OR 1.01, 95% CI 0.59 to 1.74; 1 study, 241 participants; low-certainty evidence).
There is probably little or no difference in ongoing pregnancy rate (OR 1.29, 95% CI 0.90 to 1.85; 3 studies, 653 participants; moderate-certainty evidence) or in miscarriage rate (OR 0.83, 95% CI 0.43 to 1.61; 4 studies, 798 participants; moderate-certainty evidence).
We are uncertain whether the use of HT FET decreases miscarriage rate compared to modified natural cycle FET (OR 0.51, 95% CI 0.14 to 1.87; 2 studies, 317 participants; very low-certainty evidence).

📚meta-analysisn=223

Storman D et al. • The Cochrane database of systematic reviews (2025)

“We are very uncertain about whether lurasidone offers benefits to the mental state, total serious adverse events, or severe adverse events when compared to typical antipsychotics for people with schizophrenia.”

Key Findings:

We are very uncertain about whether lurasidone offers benefits to the mental state, total serious adverse events, or severe adverse events when compared to typical antipsychotics for people with schizophrenia.
The evidence included in this review is of very low certainty, derived from two small trials.
Study limitations (risk of bias) and imprecise results impacted our confidence in the evidence.
Furthermore, data on mortality (due to suicide or natural causes) or quality of life are unavailable.

📊rctn=4779

Compare with Others Find Based on Your Goals

Ho VNA et al. • Lancet (London, England) (2024)

“Although the livebirth rate was similar after natural, modified natural, and artificial cycle endometrial preparation strategies in ovulatory women undergoing FET IVF, no definitive conclusions can be made regarding the comparative safety of the three approaches.”

Key Findings:

Although the livebirth rate was similar after natural, modified natural, and artificial cycle endometrial preparation strategies in ovulatory women undergoing FET IVF, no definitive conclusions can be made regarding the comparative safety of the three approaches.
Further research warranted to confirm findings

View all 39+ studies

What would you like to do next?

Related Supplements

Si9.0

Soy Isoflavones

Plant compounds with weak estrogenic effects that support menopausal symptoms, bone health, and cardiovascular function.

Bbr9.0

Berberine

Activates AMPK to regulate blood sugar, improve insulin sensitivity, and support lipid metabolism — comparable to metformin in some trials.

Col9.0

Collagen

Hydrolyzed peptides that rebuild skin elasticity, reduce joint pain, and strengthen bone density — results build over 8-12 weeks.

Coq9.0

CoQ10