Bio8.5

Biotin Research

45 peer-reviewed studies · Evidence score: 8.5/10

Vitamin supplementation in the treatment of optic neuritis: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Gaffney PJ et al. • Multiple sclerosis and related disorders (2025)

Although meta-analysis showed no significant effect of vitamins A, B1, B6, B7, B12, and D on several visual parameters, improvements observed in individual studies point to the essential role of vitamin sufficiency in ON.

The effect of MD1003 (high-dose biotin), vitamin A, and vitamin D on retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness from pooled results showed a mean change of 0.15 (SMD 0.15, 95 % CI, -0.33 to 0.64, I2 = 61 %, τ² = 0.11, p = 0.08), which was not significant.
Meta-analysis of visual acuity due to MD1003 and vitamin A from two studies showed a mean change of 0.01 (SMD 0.01, 95 % CI, -0.34 to 0.35, I2 = 0 %, τ² = 0, p = 0.36).
Significant improvements in RNFL thickness due to vitamin A, visual acuity due to vitamins B1, B6, and B12, foveal sensitivity due to vitamins B1, B6, and B12, and the rate of conversion of ON to MS due to vitamin D were observed in individual studies.

Meta-Analysisn=2,465

DOI

Quantitative comparison of the efficacy of clinical drug treatments for primary progressive multiple sclerosis

Sui Z et al. • Journal of clinical neuroscience : official journal of the Neurosurgical Society of Australasia (2023)

The results of this study provide the necessary quantitative information for both the rational clinical use of drugs and future clinical trials in primary progressive multiple sclerosis.

Among these, ocrelizumab showed outstanding performance, with wCDP% of 72.6 at 96 weeks, while the proportions of rest of the drugs ranged between approximately 55-70%.
The results of this study provide the necessary quantitative information for both the rational clinical use of drugs and future clinical trials in primary progressive multiple sclerosis.
Further research warranted to confirm findings

Meta-Analysisn=3,779

DOI

Pharmacological Treatment for Dialysis-Related Muscle Cramps: A Systematic Review

Mantilla-Manosalva N et al. • Seminars in dialysis (2024)

Our review consolidates the existing evidence, elucidating the range of treatments along with their potential benefits and limitations.

Our review consolidates the existing evidence, elucidating the range of treatments along with their potential benefits and limitations.
Future studies should uphold high-quality standards, incorporate patient-reported outcomes, and utilize well-defined, robust samples to improve patient care.
Further research warranted to confirm findings

Systematic Reviewn=4,660

DOI

Effect of varicocelectomy on sperm deoxyribonucleic acid fragmentation rates in infertile men with clinical varicocele: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Lira Neto FT et al. • Fertility and sterility (2021)

We concluded that pooled results from studies including infertile men with clinical varicocele indicated that varicocelectomy reduced the SDF rates.

Varicocelectomy was associated with reduced postoperative SDF rates (WMD -7.23%; 95% CI: -8.86 to -5.59; I2 = 91%).
The treatment effect size was moderate (Cohen's d = 0.68; 95% CI: 0.77 to 0.60).
Meta-regression analysis demonstrated that SDF decreased after varicocelectomy as a function of preoperative SDF levels (coefficient: 0.23; 95% CI: 0.07 to 0.39).

Meta-Analysisn=1,070

DOI

High-dose biotin for multiple sclerosis: A systematic review and meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials

Espiritu AI et al. • Multiple sclerosis and related disorders (2021)

A moderate certainty of evidence suggests a potential benefit in favor of HDB administered for 12 to 15 months in terms of ITW25 in patients with PMS.

Pooled data for ITW25 at 12 to 15 months yielded statistical significance (RR 2.06; 95% CI 1.04-4.09; 2 trials; 796 participants; I2 = 0%) [moderate COE] favoring HDB among patients with PMS.
At 12 to 15 months, no significant differences were found in terms of mean change in EDSS (MD -0.06; 95% CI -0.14-0.02; 2 studies; 796 participants; 889 participants; I2 = 68%) among patients with PMS.
Synthesized data on incidence of any AEs (RR 0.98; 95% CI 0.92-1.04; 3 trials; I2 = 0%) [high COE] and any serious AEs (RR 0.98; 95% CI 0.77-1.24; 3 trials; 889 participants; I2 = 0%) [moderate COE] were not significantly different between HDB and placebo groups.

Meta-Analysisn=830

DOI

Systematic review of optimizing brain-targeted vitamin D delivery: Novel approaches to enhance mental illness therapeutics

He J et al. • Brain research (2025)

Although limited by the scarcity of large-scale clinical data, emerging strategies demonstrate significant potential in enhancing brain-targeted vitamin D delivery.

Although limited by the scarcity of large-scale clinical data, emerging strategies demonstrate significant potential in enhancing brain-targeted vitamin D delivery.
These findings lay a foundation for future translational research aimed at precision mental health interventions.
Further research warranted to confirm findings

Systematic Review

DOI

Effects of water-soluble vitamins on glycemic control and insulin resistance in adult type 2 diabetes: an umbrella review of meta-analyses

Chai Y et al. • Asia Pacific journal of clinical nutrition (2025)

Insulin resistance is improved by folic acid supplementations.

Insulin resistance is improved by folic acid supplementations.
More well-designed individual randomized controlled trials are needed in the future, as well as meta-analysis of higher quality.
Further research warranted to confirm findings

Meta-Analysis

DOI

Dietary interventions for multiple sclerosis-related outcomes

Parks NE et al. • The Cochrane database of systematic reviews (2020)

There are a variety of controlled trials addressing the effects of dietary interventions for MS with substantial variation in active treatment, comparator, and outcomes of interest.

Among four trials comparing PUFAs with MUFAs, there may be little to no difference in global impression of deterioration (RR 0.85, 95% CI 0.71 to 1.03; 4 studies, 542 participants; 40% in the PUFA group versus 47% in the MUFA group; low-certainty evidence).
In two trials comparing different PUFAs (omega-3 versus omega-6), there may be little to no difference in relapses (RR 1.02, 95% CI 0.62 to 1.66; 2 studies, 129 participants; 30% in the omega-3 versus 29% in the omega-6 group; low-certainty evidence).
Among three trials comparing omega-3 with omega-6, there may be little to no difference in change in disability progression, measured as mean change in Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) (mean difference (MD) 0.00, 95% CI -0.30 to 0.30; 3 studies, 166 participants; low-certainty evidence).

Meta-Analysisn=217

DOI

Episodic Ataxias: Primary and Secondary Etiologies, Treatment, and Classification Approaches

Hassan A • Tremor and other hyperkinetic movements (New York, N.Y.) (2023)

Primary and secondary EA are frequently treatable which should prompt a search for the cause.

Systematic review examining Biotin efficacy
Further research warranted to confirm findings

Systematic Review

DOI

The effect of emerging nutraceutical interventions for clinical and biological outcomes in multiple sclerosis: A systematic review

Marx W et al. • Multiple sclerosis and related disorders (2020)

The existing literature provides preliminary support for the use of a number of nutraceutical interventions in MS.

The existing literature provides preliminary support for the use of a number of nutraceutical interventions in MS.
However, sufficiently powered long-term trials are required to expand the currently limited literature and to investigate unexplored nutraceuticals that may target relevant pathways involved in MS such as the gut microbiome and mitochondrial dysfunction.
Prospero ID: CRD42018111736.

Systematic Reviewn=31

DOI

Interventions for infantile seborrhoeic dermatitis (including cradle cap)

Victoire A et al. • The Cochrane database of systematic reviews (2019)

Our review identified only a limited number of studies investigating the effects of interventions for ISD in infants and young children.

Most participants were aged under seven months with only two participants aged over one year (seven and 12 years old); where specified, 60% were boys.
One trial assessed change in severity via percentage success (96% of participants in non-steroidal cream Promiseb versus 92% in placebo), and reported no adverse events (both assessed at day 14).
The other trial assessed change in severity via reduction in lesional score (surface area covered), finding better results for lactamide MEA gel (a moisturising agent) plus shampoo (81.4%) compared with shampoo only (70.2%; P = 0.0092).

Meta-Analysisn=35

DOI

ESPEN micronutrient guideline

Berger MM et al. • Clinical nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland) (2022)

This guideline should enable addressing suboptimal and deficient status of a bundle of MNs in at-risk diseases.

The recommendations underwent a consensus process, which resulted in a percentage of agreement (%): strong consensus required of >90% of votes.
This guideline should enable addressing suboptimal and deficient status of a bundle of MNs in at-risk diseases.
In particular, it offers practical advice on MN provision and monitoring during nutritional support.

Meta-Analysis

DOI

Clinical trials of vitamin-mineral supplementations in people with epilepsy: A systematic review

Asadi-Pooya AA et al. • Clinical nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland) (2021)

High quality data on the efficacy of nutritional (vitamins-minerals) supplementations in treating seizures in PWE is scarce; however, designing future clinical trials of polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation for drug-resistant seizures in adults with focal epilepsy and in children, and also multivitamin supplementations in adults with focal epilepsy seems reasonable and promising.

Such clinical trials should be well-designed, randomized, and placebo controlled, with enough sample size and adequate follow-up of 12 months or more.
Further research warranted to confirm findings

Systematic Review

DOI

The underestimated issue of non-reproducible cardiac troponin I and T results: case series and systematic review of the literature

Favresse J et al. • Clinical chemistry and laboratory medicine (2021)

Moreover, we aimed at identifying the nature of these non-reproducible troponin results, determining their occurrence, and describing the best way for their identification.

Moreover, the prevalence of outliers in recent studies was found to be higher (0.28-0.57%) compared to the biotin interference.
The aim of this systematic review is to warn clinicians about these non-reproducible results that may alter their clinical judgment.
Four case reports that occurred in the Clinique of Saint-Luc Bouge are presented to attest this point.

Systematic Review

DOI

Antenatal and postnatal radiologic diagnosis of holocarboxylase synthetase deficiency: a systematic review

Bandaralage SP et al. • Pediatric radiology (2016)

Although the radiologic features of subependymal cysts, ventriculomegaly, intraventricular hemorrhage and intrauterine growth restriction may be found in the setting of other pathologies, these findings should prompt consideration of holocarboxylase synthetase deficiency in at-risk children.

Most patients with imaging (19/22, 86%) had abnormal findings, the most common being subependymal cysts, ventriculomegaly and intraventricular hemorrhage.
Although the radiologic features of subependymal cysts, ventriculomegaly, intraventricular hemorrhage and intrauterine growth restriction may be found in the setting of other pathologies, these findings should prompt consideration of holocarboxylase synthetase deficiency in at-risk children.
Further research warranted to confirm findings

Systematic Reviewn=75

DOI

Factitious Graves' Disease Due to Biotin Immunoassay Interference-A Case and Review of the Literature

Elston MS et al. • The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism (2016)

Biotin ingested in moderate to high doses can cause immunoassay interference.

Biotin ingested in moderate to high doses can cause immunoassay interference.
Depending on the assay format, biotin interference can result in either falsely high or low values.
Interference is not limited to thyroid tests and has the potential to affect a wide range of analytes.

Systematic Review

DOI

Systematic review and meta-analysis of the efficacy and safety of chromium supplementation in diabetes

Suksomboon N et al. • Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics (2014)

The available evidence suggests favourable effects of chromium supplementation on glycaemic control in patients with diabetes.

Overall, chromium mono- and combined supplementation significantly improved glycaemic control (mean difference for HbA1c -0·55%; 95% CI -0·88 to -0·22%; P = 0·001, mean difference for FPG -1·15 mm; 95% CI -1·84 to -0·47 mm; P = 0·001).
In particular, chromium monotherapy significantly reduced triglycerides and increased HDL-C levels.
The available evidence suggests favourable effects of chromium supplementation on glycaemic control in patients with diabetes.

Meta-Analysisn=22

DOI

Safety and efficacy of MD1003 (high-dose biotin) in patients with progressive multiple sclerosis (SPI2): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial

Cree BAC et al. • The Lancet. Neurology (2020)

This study showed that MD1003 did not significantly improve disability or walking speed in patients with progressive multiple sclerosis and thus, in addition to the potential of MD1003 for deleterious health consequences from interference of laboratory tests, MD1003 cannot be recommended for treatment of progressive multiple sclerosis.

Clinical trial examining Biotin efficacy
Further research warranted to confirm findings

RCTn=642

DOI

Effects of konjac glucomannan on gastrointestinal symptoms and gut microbiota in athletes with functional constipation: a double-blind randomized controlled trial

Zhu Y et al. • European journal of nutrition (2025)

Konjac glucomannan significantly ameliorated gastrointestinal symptoms in elite athletes with functional constipation, potentially via modulation of the gut microbiota.

Compared to the placebo group, the KGM group exhibited significant improvements in PAC-SYM, PAC-QoL, BMF, and BFI scores (p < 0.05 for all).
Konjac glucomannan significantly ameliorated gastrointestinal symptoms in elite athletes with functional constipation, potentially via modulation of the gut microbiota.
Further research warranted to confirm findings

RCTn=66

DOI

Postoperative Vitamin Profile after Receiving a Novel Peripheral Parenteral Nutrition Solution: Multicenter Randomized Controlled Phase III Trial

Fukatsu K et al. • Annals of nutrition & metabolism (2022)

Blood vitamin levels decreased when patients were administered PPN without vitamin supplementation during the first week after surgery.

Blood vitamin levels decreased when patients were administered PPN without vitamin supplementation during the first week after surgery.
The novel PPN formula containing multivitamins recommended by FDA2000 can be safely administered to postoperative patients to maintain blood vitamin levels.
Further research warranted to confirm findings

RCTn=99

DOI

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