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Investigational / off-label — no FDA-approved dose exists. Trials studied oral enclomiphene citrate at 6.25-25 mg once daily (12.5 mg and 25 mg were the Phase-3 doses). Compounded enclomiphene is used off-label under a clinician at similar doses, but quality and content are not regulated.

Any time

Oral enclomiphene citrate (compounded; investigational — never marketed as an approved drug)

Prescription-only and indication-dependent. For fertility preservation / intratesticular-testosterone maintenance on TRT, small studies used ~125-500 IU subcutaneously every other day. For spermatogenesis induction in hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, typically ~1,000-2,500 IU two to three times weekly (often combined with FSH), titrated to response. For female ovulation/oocyte-maturation trigger, a single dose (~5,000-10,000 IU urinary or 250 µg recombinant). No dietary-supplement dose exists.

Any time

Prescription hCG — recombinant (choriogonadotropin alfa) or urinary-derived, by injection

• Primary (testicular) hypogonadism — needs an intact pituitary/testis axis to work
• Hormone-sensitive tumors or conditions worsened by raising testosterone/estrogen
• History of venous thromboembolism (class concern for SERMs)

• Exogenous testosterone / anabolic steroids
• Aromatase inhibitors / other SERMs (e.g. tamoxifen)
• Estrogens

• Hormone-sensitive tumors (e.g. prostate, breast) or other androgen/estrogen-dependent conditions
• Known hypersensitivity to hCG
• Use without medical supervision

• Exogenous testosterone / anabolic steroids
• FSH / hMG (menotropins)
• Aromatase inhibitors (e.g. anastrozole)