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Arb4.0
Alpha-Arbutin – Forschung
Überwiegend Mechanismus / Beobachtung
44 begutachtete Studien
Was die Evidenz sagt
Überwiegend Mechanismus / Beobachtung
Die meisten Studien zu Alpha-Arbutin sind mechanistisch oder beobachtend statt RCTs, die einen klinischen Effekt messen — betrachte die Ergebnisse als vorläufig.
Die meiste Evidenz stammt aus hochwertigen Meta-Analysen und randomisierten Studien, veröffentlicht 2004–2026 mit einer typischen Studiengröße von 856 Teilnehmenden.
Basierend auf 44 Studien · 20 Meta-Analysen · 2 RCTs · 38,190 Teilnehmende insgesamt
Konfidenz
Hohe Konfidenz
Nach Outcome
Safety profile
Überwiegend Mechanismus / Beobachtung8 Studien
Skin health
Überwiegend Mechanismus / Beobachtung6 Studien
Skin tone & pigmentationMäßige Aufhellung / Reduktion von Hyperpigmentierung, meist zusammen mit anderen Wirkstoffen (kosmetisch, kein gesundheitliches Ergebnis) · 8-12 Wochen
Überwiegend Mechanismus / Beobachtung6 Studien
Hair & nails
Überwiegend Mechanismus / Beobachtung3 Studien
Recovery
Zu wenige bewertete Studien2 Studien
Therapeutic & clinical
Zu wenige bewertete Studien2 Studien
Vision & eye health
Zu wenige bewertete Studien2 Studien
Oral & dental health
Zu wenige bewertete Studien2 Studien
5 weitere Outcomes mit weniger Studien nicht angezeigt.
Aktives Forschungsgebiet
42 Studien in den letzten 5 Jahren · Neueste Meta-Analyse: 2026
200420152026
1Meta-Analysen=2,752 · very large study2026
Registration Protocol available via doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD013550.
Kam KW, Mehraban Far P, Yim TW, Chen LJ, Mak CY, Young AL, supported by the Cochrane Eyes and Vision Review Group. · The Cochrane database of systematic reviews (2026)
We used fixed-effect meta-analysis to combine data and forest plots to assess heterogeneity, effect size, and direction.
Topical corticosteroids plus antibiotics probably result in greater reduction in corneal staining scores compared with antibiotics alone (MD -1.26, 95% CI -1.56 to -0.96; 1 study, 148 participants; moderate-certainty evidence).
However, this effect was not observed for tear breakup time when antibiotics alone are likely to perform better (MD -1.10, 95% CI -1.39 to -0.81; 1 study, 148 participants; moderate-certainty evidence).
Saeteaw M, Thippharak T, Porasuntisuk K, Kengkla K, Chan A, Subongkot S. · BMJ supportive & palliative care (2026)
Risk ratios (RR) with 95% CIs were estimated for all outcomes using NMA.
Both topical diclofenac (RR 0.26, 95% CI 0.10 to 0.66) and celecoxib (RR 0.46, 95% CI 0.26 to 0.84) significantly reduced the risk of moderate to severe HFS compared with placebo.
Notably, topical diclofenac was the only intervention that significantly reduced the incidence of all-grade HFS and the need for chemotherapy modifications.
Results Results showed a significant reduction in tissue EC following oral CS treatment in both within-subject analyses and controlled trials.
Conclusion These findings provide strong evidence that oral CS significantly reduces tissue eosinophilia in CRS, including comparisons with topical CS.
A similar effect was found when comparing oral vs. topical CS treatment.
Surgeons should remain vigilant for rare systemic complications.
Ma A, Lam CW, Alotaibi HA, Ali MJ, Yuen HK. · European journal of ophthalmology (2026)
The 1:200,000 infiltrative adrenaline had significantly higher bleeding risk (15.3%, 95% CI: 11.1-20.5%) than 1:100,000 (3.8%, 95% CI: 2.0-6.5%) and 1:80,000 (2.0%, 95% CI: 0.7-4.3%), with an absolute risk difference of +13.3% (95% CI: + 9.8-16.8%, p < 0.0001) between 1:200,000 and 1:80,000.
No significant difference existed between 1:100,000 and 1:80,000 (RD=+1.8%, 95% CI: -1.2-4.7%, p = 0.23).
Each 100,000-fold dilution increased absolute bleeding risk by 12.1% ( p < 0.001), with a number needed to treat (NNT) of 8 favouring 1:80,000 or 1:100,000 over 1:200,000.The most common infiltrative concentrations (n = 8,648) were 1:100,000 (57%), 1:200,000 (23%), and 1:80,000 (18%).
These modalities offer distinct advantages in sustained symptom relief and recurrence reduction, especially for patients with refractory disease or concerns regarding long-term steroid use.
Li D, Xu Y, Zhang F. · The Journal of dermatological treatment (2026)
In terms of safety, adverse events associated with physical therapies were predominantly mild and transient local reactions (e.g., burning or redness), whereas topical glucocorticoid use carried risks of secondary infections, such as candidiasis.
Furthermore, physical therapies, particularly PDT, showed better long-term recurrence control compared to glucocorticoids, which had high recurrence rates after discontinuation.
Conclusion Laser therapy and PDT are effective and safer alternative treatments for VLS.
Conclusion High doses of systemic corticosteroids demonstrate clinical benefits in controlling OM, while the topical use requires further investigation, particularly with high-potency formulations.
Silva Marques Araújo AB, Barbosa JV, Vieira Barreto GA, Julião Costa GA, Fontes Borges Franco MM, Barros Silva PG, Nóbrega Malta CE. · Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP (2026)
The topical application of corticosteroids did not impair OM incidence (p=0.860).
However, the systemic application of corticosteroids resulted in a reduction of 0.44 (CI95% = 0.29 to 0.66) times (p<0.001).
There is no significant risk of publication bias (p=0.881).
Sarmiento D, Guio JF, Leal JA. · European journal of orthopaedic surgery & traumatology : orthopedie traumatologie (2026)
Data synthesis Random-effects models were used to estimate pooled odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs).
Vancomycin use was associated with a significant reduction in postoperative infection following fracture fixation (OR 0.59, 95% CI 0.42-0.82; p = 0.002; I 2 = 0%).
Two studies contributed to an exploratory pooled safety analysis, which showed no statistically significant difference in adverse events between groups (OR 1.39, 95% CI 0.95-2.02; p = 0.38; I 2 = 0%).
However, high-quality RCTs are necessary to verify long-term outcomes.
Chen L, Chen JC, Lin T, Shi F, Chen D, Wang C, Gao Y, Nair HKR, Ran X. · BMJ open diabetes research & care (2026)
Placenta-derived products showed the greatest efficacy (OR 7.85 (95% credible interval (CrI) 4.62 to 14.15)) and were the only intervention to significantly reduce adverse events vs SOC (0.25 (95% CrI 0.10 to 0.60)).
Conclusions Placenta-derived products and other biological or advanced topical therapies may demonstrate greater efficacy than the SOC in facilitating the healing of DFUs.
Nevertheless, the certainty of evidence for most comparisons remains in the low-to-moderate range.
Although the available evidence is limited by the small number of trials, short follow-up durations, and heterogeneity in outcome reporting, these findings support the role of topical anticholinergic therapy as an effective non-invasive option for PAH.
Kim J, Han N, Koo H, Kim Y, Hwang EJ, Kim MS, Staatz CE, Baek IH. · Clinical drug investigation (2026)
Primary outcomes included a ≥2-point improvement in the Hyperhidrosis Disease Severity Scale (HDSS) and ≥50% reduction in gravimetric sweat production (GSP).
Topical agents significantly outperformed placebos for HDSS ≥2-point improvement (risk ratio [RR]: 2.40; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.01-2.86) and GSP ≥50% reduction (RR: 1.43; 95% CI: 1.21-1.70).
Topical agents were associated with increased risk of TEAEs (RR: 1.43; 95% CI: 1.14-1.79), with sofpironium associated with highest risk of dry mouth and glycopyrronium with highest risks for mydriasis and constipation.
Delgocitinib 20-30 mg/g demonstrated greater efficacy than vehicle and a favourable safety profile, supporting its use as a topical treatment for CHE.
de Moraes-Souza R, Bornia MJP, Chater RC, Piscazzi F, de Albuquerque MB, Mesquita Y, Lapenda I, Servera-Negre G, Hernández-Cano N, Sarto R, Herranz-Pinto P. · Experimental dermatology (2026)
Relative risks (RRs) and mean differences (MDs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using random-effects models.
At week 16, treatment success was significantly higher with delgocitinib (RR 3.17; 95% CI 1.78-5.65; p < 0.01), corresponding to an absolute risk difference of 16.9% and a number needed to treat (NNT) of 6 (95% CI 3-16).
Delgocitinib also led to significantly greater improvements in HESD itch and pain scores.
Further research providing direct comparison between therapies are warranted.
Stevens EM, Vester-Glowinski K, Skov L, Gyldenløve M, Loft N. · American journal of clinical dermatology (2026)
The primary outcomes were mean percentage change of Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI) for the head-and-neck region (EASI-HN), and proportion of patients achieving 75% improvement of EASI for the head-and-neck region (EASI75-HN).
EASI75-HN after 16 weeks of treatment ranged from 20% (baricitinib 2 and 4 mg QD) to 66% (upadacitinib 30 mg QD).
Evidence for the conventional systemic therapies, cyclosporine and methotrexate, was limited and not readily comparable to the other treatments.
Conclusions Current evidence suggests that selected polyphenolic formulations may represent a potential adjunctive therapeutic approach in non-scarring alopecia, though further standardized and long-term trials are warranted.
El Ammari C, García-Muñoz AM, Zapata-Pérez R, Rabadán-Ros R, Lucas-Abellán C, González-Louzao R, Victoria-Montesinos D. · The Journal of dermatological treatment (2026)
Compared with controls, polyphenolic interventions significantly improved hair density (SMD 0.90; 95% CI 0.51-1.30) and total area hair count (SMD 1.03; 95% CI 0.42-1.63), although substantial heterogeneity was observed.
Results Thirty-two randomized controlled trials involving 2,183 participants were analyzed.
Direct comparisons with minoxidil did not show significant differences in overall hair count outcomes.
Yet, considerable global inequity remains in access to these novel therapeutics.
Weidinger S et al. · Nature reviews. Disease primers (2026)
The twenty-first century has brought greater insights into disease pathology, with an understanding of the complex interplay between the skin barrier, cutaneous and systemic immune pathways, cutaneous microbiome and neural networks.
This improved mechanistic understanding has enabled rational drug design and a shift from non-specific broad immunomodulation to targeted biologic therapies and small molecules for severe disease and from topical corticosteroids to next-generation therapies for mild and moderate disease.
Yet, considerable global inequity remains in access to these novel therapeutics.
Di Martino L, Mokhtar J, Akbarpoor F, Kreutz-Rodrigues L, Vyas K, Cetrulo CL, Lellouch AG. · Aesthetic surgery journal (2025)
Secondary outcomes, such as surgeon satisfaction (SMD 0.74, 95% CI, -0.24 to 1.73, P = .14) and operative time (SMD -1.03, 95% CI, -2.69 to 0.62, P = .22), showed no statistically significant differences between the groups.
In patients undergoing rhinoplasty or septoplasty, topical TXA significantly reduces intraoperative blood loss and postoperative edema and ecchymosis.
These findings suggest it may serve as an effective adjunct for improving hemostasis and postoperative recovery.
The meta- analysis results indicated that compared to the standalone injection of sodium hyaluronate, the combination of TCM topical therapy significantly enhanced the clinical efficacy rate in treating CMP [RR=1.17, 95% CI=[1.12,1.22], P<0.00001].
In comparison to the standalone injection of sodium hyaluronate, the combination of TCM topical therapy showed a quicker onset, thus reducing patients' pain [RR=-7.44, 95% CI=(-9.86,-5.01), P<0.00001].
Furthermore, the addition of TCM topical therapy lowered the VAS score in patients with CMP five weeks post-treatment compared to the control group.
Despite advancements, laser treatments must be approached cautiously due to risks like postinflammatory hyperpigmentation, especially in darker skin types.
Campos V et al. · Dermatologic clinics (2026)
Combination therapies, including oral or topical agents and lasers, yield better results.
Maintenance treatment is crucial to prevent recurrence.
Despite advancements, laser treatments must be approached cautiously due to risks like postinflammatory hyperpigmentation, especially in darker skin types.
Monitoring the disease progression may be challenging as no established guidelines exist; however, imaging techniques may offer help in the future.
Ezzat RZ et al. · Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2026)
Treatment strategies, including combination therapies such as hydroxychloroquine, dutasteride, topical and intralesional steroids, and topical tacrolimus, offer hope in stabilizing the condition.
Monitoring the disease progression may be challenging as no established guidelines exist; however, imaging techniques may offer help in the future.
In Chinese men with AGA, topical finasteride spray solution increased hair growth and showed good safety and tolerability profile during a 24-week treatment period.
Zhou C et al. · Chinese medical journal (2026)
Compared with the placebo group, in the topical finasteride group, the change from baseline in target area hair count was significantly higher at week 24 ( P <0.05), although it was only numerically higher at week 12 ( P = 0.0688).
Significant differences favoring topical finasteride over placebo were observed for change from baseline in target area terminal hair count at weeks 12 ( P <0.05) and 24 ( P <0.01).
The improvement of vertex hair growth assessed by the investigator was significantly greater in the topical finasteride group vs. the placebo group at week 24 ( P <0.01).
There is a paucity of data currently available regarding the use of topical vaginal estrogens in the post-partum period.
Waheed A et al. · Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica (2026)
No statistically significant difference in bladder, bowel, or sexual function was noted.
There is a paucity of data currently available regarding the use of topical vaginal estrogens in the post-partum period.
Although likely safe for use, further evidence is required to be able to make firm conclusions about their efficacy for postpartum vaginal atrophy, and further high-quality trials are required in the future.