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CA8.0
Calcium – Forschung
Hilft wahrscheinlich
128 begutachtete Studien
Was die Evidenz sagt
Hilft wahrscheinlich
Calcium scheint in 18 von 20 Studien mit messbaren Effekten zu helfen — die Evidenz tendiert klar ins Positive.
Die meiste Evidenz stammt aus hochwertigen Meta-Analysen und randomisierten Studien, veröffentlicht 2015–2026 mit einer typischen Studiengröße von 4,067 Teilnehmenden.
Basierend auf 128 Studien · 55 Meta-Analysen · 20 RCTs · 3,466,780 Teilnehmende insgesamt
Konfidenz
Hohe Konfidenz
Was die Studien gefunden haben
18geholfen2unklar· 108 weitere ohne bewertete Effektdaten
Nach Outcome
Bone healthUnterstützt die Knochenmineraldichte und die Skelettstärke · 8-12 Wochen
Hilft wahrscheinlich96 Studien
Women's healthKann helfen, Wechseljahresbeschwerden wie Hitzewallungen und Stimmungsschwankungen zu bewältigen · 4-8 Wochen · Kann helfen, Menstruationsbeschwerden und PMS-Symptome zu reduzieren · 1-3 Zyklen · Liefert essenzielle Nährstoffe für eine gesunde Schwangerschaft · Fortlaufend
Hilft wahrscheinlich37 Studien
Therapeutic & clinical
Hilft wahrscheinlich23 Studien
Heart & blood pressureModerate Blutdrucksenkung; über die Nahrung zugeführtes Kalzium wird mit kardiovaskulärem Nutzen assoziiert · 4-12 Wochen
Hilft wahrscheinlich19 Studien
Weight management
Überwiegend Mechanismus / Beobachtung8 Studien
Kidney stones & urolithiasis
Überwiegend Mechanismus / Beobachtung6 Studien
Glucose & metabolic
Überwiegend Mechanismus / Beobachtung6 Studien
Muscle strength & powerUnterstützt die für das Krafttraining erforderliche Muskelkontraktion und Knochendichte · 8-16 Wochen
Überwiegend Mechanismus / Beobachtung4 Studien
Recovery
Überwiegend Mechanismus / Beobachtung3 Studien
Cholesterol & lipidsModerate Blutdrucksenkung; über die Nahrung zugeführtes Kalzium wird mit kardiovaskulärem Nutzen assoziiert · 4-12 Wochen
Zu wenige bewertete Studien2 Studien
Anemia & hematology
Zu wenige bewertete Studien2 Studien
Energy & fatigueAusreichend Kalzium unterstützt eine effiziente Muskel- und Nervenfunktion · 4-8 Wochen
Zu wenige bewertete Studien2 Studien
Safety profile
Zu wenige bewertete Studien2 Studien
InflammationDie Ko-Supplementierung von Kalzium + Vitamin D kann entzündliche Biomarker reduzieren · 8-12 Wochen
Zu wenige bewertete Studien1 Studie
Endurance & exercise performance
Zu wenige bewertete Studien1 Studie
In Zahlen
Aus 60 Studien mit messbaren Effekten gezogen
Wahrscheinlich echte Effekte
100%
über Studien hinweg
Untersuchte Personen
3467k
typische Studie: 4067 Personen
Stärkste Designs
75
55 gepoolt, 20 randomisiert
Zeigte Nutzen
90%
18/20 Studien
Wie lange Studien liefen
3+ Monate
1
Untersuchte Populationen
Pregnant women6
General population5
Adults4
Individuals with metabolic conditions2
Aktives Forschungsgebiet
109 Studien in den letzten 5 Jahren · Neueste Meta-Analyse: 2026
201520202026
1Meta-Analysen=902 · large study2026
Based on absolute risk reductions and thresholds considered clinically meaningful, this review found little to no benefits from use of calcium, vitamin D, or combined supplementation on the prevention of fractures and falls.
Massé O et al. · BMJ (Clinical research ed.) (2026)
Participants in most of the trials were community dwelling (87%) and not at high risk of fractures or falls (73%).
Based on absolute risk reductions and thresholds considered clinically meaningful, this review found little to no benefits from use of calcium, vitamin D, or combined supplementation on the prevention of fractures and falls.
4All-fracture riskMeta-AnalyseCited 247×n=51,419 · very large study2019
Supplementation with vitamin D plus calcium was associated with significantly decreased all-fracture risk, but neither vitamin D alone nor calcium alone was associated with reduced fracture risk.
Yao P et al. · JAMA Network Open (2019)
Spürbar Nutzen
← SchlechterKein EffektBesser →
Meta-analysis of 11 randomized clinical trials with 51,419 participants
Vitamin D + calcium combination reduced overall fracture risk by 6%
Calcium alone was not associated with fracture risk reduction
5Bone mineral densityMeta-AnalyseCited 252×n=15,000 · very large study2015
Increasing calcium intake from dietary sources or by taking calcium supplements produces small non-progressive increases in BMD, which are unlikely to lead to a clinically significant reduction in risk of fracture.
Tai V et al. · BMJ (2015)
Kaum spürbar Nutzen
← SchlechterKein EffektBesser →
Meta-analysis of 59 RCTs of calcium supplementation and 6 studies of dietary calcium
Calcium supplementation increased total body BMD by 0.6-1.8%
Effects were similar for dietary and supplemental calcium
This trial was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov as NCT03350516; at Clinical Trials Registry India as CTRI/018/2/12119; and at Tanzania Medicines and Medical Devices Au-thority Trials Registry as TFDA0018/TR/010/.
Ali NB, Sudfeld CR, Muhihi A, Thomas T, Perumal N, Sando MM, Masanja HM, Partap U, Duggan CP, Kurpad AV, Dwarkanath P, Pembe AB, Fawzi WW. · The American journal of clinical nutrition (2026)
Conclusions Low- and high-dose calcium supplementation showed no differences in third-trimester hematologic outcomes.
Future studies should assess the effects of coadministering or combining calcium and IFA into a single tablet on adherence and bioavailability of iron.
This trial was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov as NCT03350516; at Clinical Trials Registry India as CTRI/018/2/12119; and at Tanzania Medicines and Medical Devices Au-thority Trials Registry as TFDA0018/TR/010/.
Therefore, although these findings suggest a protective role of calcium-rich diets, well-designed prospective and interventional studies are warranted to clarify whether this relationship is causal.
Gonnelli S et al. · Nutrients (2026)
Spürbar Nutzen
← SchlechterKein EffektBesser →
Random-effects meta-analyses pooled fully adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) comparing the highest versus lowest intake categories.
Supporting these countries in developing calcium-based interventions to address this nutrient gap has the greatest likelihood to improve health outcomes, especially for mothers and their infants.
Bourassa MW et al. · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences (2026)
Epidemiological data and modeled estimates on preterm births, maternal hypertensive disorders, and bone fractures were also incorporated to highlight areas with the greatest potential need for improved calcium intake.
Country typologies were created based on the risk of adverse health outcomes and the presence of policies or guidelines for calcium interventions.
Supporting these countries in developing calcium-based interventions to address this nutrient gap has the greatest likelihood to improve health outcomes, especially for mothers and their infants.
Further large-scale prospective cohort investigations are needed to obtain stronger and more accurate results.
Nematbakhsh R, Rouhani P, Saneei P. · Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity (2025)
Combining 24 effect size from 17 investigations (15 cross-sectional and two cohort studies) with 74,720 participants and 18,200 cases showed that highest versus lowest level of dietary Ca intake was related to 23% significant decreased odds of MetS (OR = 0.77; 95% CI: 0.66, 0.89).
Linear dose-response analysis of estimates from 12 investigations showed that each 100 mg/day increment in dietary Ca intake was associated with 3% marginally significant decreased odds in MetS (OR = 0.97; 95%CI: 0.93, 1.01).
According to this meta-analysis, the likelihood of MetS was significantly lower in adults with higher level of dietary calcium intake.
12National adoption of WHO calcium supplementation recommendationsSystematische Übersicht2025
Most of these guidelines were from upper middle- or high-income countries (19, 65.5%), whereas in countries where this recommendation is most needed, there is a lack of published calcium supplementation recommendations during pregnancy.
Romero IB, Puchulu MB, Perez SM, White C, Rana ZH, Bourassa MW, Delgado C, Belizán JM, Salva F, Cormick G. · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences (2025)
Most of these guidelines were from upper middle- or high-income countries (19, 65.5%), whereas in countries where this recommendation is most needed, there is a lack of published calcium supplementation recommendations during pregnancy.
Our objective was to evaluate the global adoption of the World Health Organization (WHO) recommendation for calcium supplementation during pregnancy to prevent pre-eclampsia.
Each WHO member state's Ministry of Health website, Google, and WHO databases were searched, between January and July 2024, to identify national antenatal care guidelines.
13skeletal muscle mass indexMeta-Analysen=349 · medium study2025
Conclusions: ST in older people with osteosarcopenia conditions increases SMMI, MIHS, and protein intake.
Hernandez-Martinez J, Branco BHM, Vasquez-Carrasco E, Cid-Calfucura I, Herrera-Valenzuela T, Guzmán-Muñoz E, Delgado-Floody P, Concha-Cisternas Y, Valdés-Badilla P. · Nutrients (2025)
Likely real
Hedge's g effect sizes were calculated for the abovementioned variables for the meta-analysis.
Seven overall and two subgroup meta-analyses showed significant increases in skeletal muscle mass index (SMMI; p < 0.01), maximal isometric handgrip strength (MIHS; p = 0.03), and protein intake ( p = 0.03).
There were no significant differences in bone mineral density (BMD), body fat percentage (BFP), gait speed, and calcium intake.
This study shows that calcium supplements are associated with a significant reduction in the risk of preeclampsia and gestational hypertension and a trend toward better maternal and fetal-related outcomes.
Jaiswal V et al. · Current problems in cardiology (2024)
The Pooled analysis of primary outcome shows that calcium supplements reduce the risk of preeclampsia by 49% (OR, 0.51(95%CI: 0.40-0.66), P<0.001), and reduce the risk of gestational hypertension by 30% (OR, 0.70 (95%CI: 0.58-0.85)), P<0.001) compared to placebo.
This study shows that calcium supplements are associated with a significant reduction in the risk of preeclampsia and gestational hypertension and a trend toward better maternal and fetal-related outcomes.
15Hydration management for nephrolithiasisSystematische Übersicht2023
Finally, some additional advice has to be given to avoid certain beverages such as those containing fructose or phosphoric acid, which are susceptible to increase the risk of nephrolithiasis.
Courbebaisse M et al. · Nutrients (2023)
Nephrolithiasis affects around 10% of the population and is frequently associated with impaired dietary factors.
Fluid intake must also be balanced between day and night, to avoid urinary supersaturation during the night.
Patients should be informed and supported in this difficult process of increasing urine dilution, with practical ways and daily routines to increase their fluid intake.
16Lipid digestion and serum lipidsSystematische Übersicht2023
This research is important for the delivery and formulation of calcium, particularly with the move toward plant-based diets.
Mulet-Cabero AI et al. · Critical reviews in food science and nutrition (2023)
It seems that the interplay of calcium in blood lipid metabolism might be due to its complex and multiple roles in the lipid digestion in the small intestine.
The interactions between calcium and, fatty acids and bile may lead to impaired mixed micelle formation and solubilization, which is crucial in the lipid absorption and metabolism.
In addition, the calcium source and its surrounding matrix will have an influence over the physiological outcome.
18calcium modulation in Alzheimer's diseaseSystematische Übersicht2023
This review aims to update the calcium-dysregulation mechanisms in AD and discuss targets and molecules with therapeutic potential based on their modulation.
Baracaldo-Santamaría D et al. · International journal of molecular sciences (2023)
Although the cytosolic calcium alterations in AD are not completely elucidated, some calcium-permeable channels, transporters, pumps, and receptors have been shown to be involved at the neuronal and glial levels.
In particular, the relationship between glutamatergic NMDA receptor (NMDAR) activity and amyloidosis has been widely documented.
Other pathophysiological mechanisms involved in calcium dyshomeostasis include the activation of L-type voltage-dependent calcium channels, transient receptor potential channels, and ryanodine receptors, among many others.
In conclusion, along with exercise and dietary support, nutraceuticals, such as vitamin D, calcium, vitamin K, and natural agonists of irisin or testosterone, can serve as promising future therapeutic alternatives.
Kim YC et al. · Nutrients (2023)
Vitamin K, specifically menaquinone-4 (MK-4), improves mitochondrial function and reduces muscle damage.
Irisin is a hormone secreted during exercise that enhances oxidative metabolism, prevents insulin resistance and obesity, and improves bone quality.
Low-glycemic-index diets and green cardamom are potential methods for managing sarcopenic obesity.