Wir verwenden standardmäßig essenzielle Cookies (Anmeldung, deine gespeicherten Ziele/Stacks). Mit deiner Erlaubnis aktivieren wir außerdem datenschutzfreundliche Analytik (Vercel Web Analytics, anonyme Ladezeit-Metriken) und Fehler-Replay-Diagnostik (Sentry — DOM-Snapshots nur, wenn ein Fehler auftritt), damit wir Bugs schneller beheben können. Mehr über Cookies erfahren
Lgn6.0
L-Glutamine – Forschung
Hilft wahrscheinlich
24 begutachtete Studien
Was die Evidenz sagt
Hilft wahrscheinlich
L-Glutamine scheint in 3 von 3 Studien mit messbaren Effekten zu helfen — die Evidenz tendiert klar ins Positive.
Die meiste Evidenz stammt aus hochwertigen Meta-Analysen und randomisierten Studien, veröffentlicht 1999–2026 mit einer typischen Studiengröße von 46 Teilnehmenden.
Basierend auf 24 Studien · 2 Meta-Analysen · 10 RCTs · 3,086 Teilnehmende insgesamt
Konfidenz
Hohe Konfidenz
Was die Studien gefunden haben
3geholfen· 21 weitere ohne bewertete Effektdaten
Nach Outcome
Sickle cell disease
Überwiegend Mechanismus / Beobachtung7 Studien
RecoveryEine Meta-Analyse fand keinen Effekt auf die sportliche Leistung oder Körperzusammensetzung; ein Nutzen für die Regeneration ist nicht belegt · 1-2 weeks
Überwiegend Mechanismus / Beobachtung4 Studien
Safety profile
Überwiegend Mechanismus / Beobachtung4 Studien
Therapeutic & clinical
Überwiegend Mechanismus / Beobachtung3 Studien
Immune supportUneinheitliche Evidenz: eine kleine Studie an Sportlern zeigte einen Nutzen, doch eine Meta-Analyse fand insgesamt keinen immunologischen Effekt · 2-4 weeks
Überwiegend Mechanismus / Beobachtung3 Studien
Lean body mass & muscle growth
Zu wenige bewertete Studien2 Studien
Depression & mood
Zu wenige bewertete Studien2 Studien
Digestive healthKann die Reparatur der Darmschleimhaut unterstützen; die Datenlage zur Permeabilität beim Menschen ist begrenzt und eine Studie zu Belastungsstress zeigte keinen Nutzen · 4-8 weeks
Zu wenige bewertete Studien1 Studie
InflammationKann die Integrität der intestinalen Barriere unterstützen (überwiegend präklinische Evidenz) · 2-4 weeks
Zu wenige bewertete Studien1 Studie
Endurance & exercise performance
Zu wenige bewertete Studien1 Studie
In Zahlen
Aus 11 Studien mit messbaren Effekten gezogen
Wahrscheinlich echte Effekte
100%
über Studien hinweg
Untersuchte Personen
3,086
typische Studie: 46 Personen
Stärkste Designs
12
2 gepoolt, 10 randomisiert
Zeigte Nutzen
100%
3/3 Studien
Wie lange Studien liefen
1–4 Wochen
2
3+ Monate
1
Untersuchte Populationen
Patients with sickle cell disease1
Major depressive disorder patients1
COVID-19 patients1
Patients undergoing hip and knee replacement surgery1
Aktives Forschungsgebiet
15 Studien in den letzten 5 Jahren · Neueste Meta-Analyse: 2021
199920122026
1Systematische ÜbersichtCited 99×n=2,015 · very large study2016
Electroacupuncture was not superior to placebo.
Brami C et al. · Critical reviews in oncology/hematology (2016)
Electroacupuncture was not superior to placebo.
No RCTs were published regarding other complementary therapies, although some studies mention positive incidental findings.
Natural products and complementary therapies deserve further investigation, given the lack of effective CIPN interventions.
2Pain crises and hospital daysSystematische ÜbersichtCited 5×n=97 · small study2025
A pivotal phase III study of l-glutamine showed that patients treated with l-glutamine had a 25 % reduction in pain crises and 33 % fewer hospital days compared to placebo. l-glutamine was generall...
Yassin M et al. · Blood reviews (2025)
Groß Nutzen
← SchlechterKein EffektBesser →
A pivotal phase III study of l-glutamine showed that patients treated with l-glutamine had a 25 % reduction in pain crises and 33 % fewer hospital days compared to placebo. l-glutamine was generally well tolerated with minimal side effects.
In the SUSTAIN study, a 5-mg/kg dose of crizanlizumab reduced the occurrence of vaso-occlusive crises (VOCs) and hospitalizations by 45 % and 41 %, respectively.
The high discontinuation rate and results of the STAND trial led to a significant decrease in the use of crizanlizumab.
3Peripheral blood metabolites in major depressive disorderMeta-AnalyseCited 171×n=46 · small study2021
MDD patients were characterized by higher levels of asymmetric dimethylarginine, tyramine, 2-hydroxybutyric acid, phosphatidylcholine (32:1), and taurochenodesoxycholic acid and lower levels of L-acetylcarnitine, creatinine, L-asparagine, L-glutamine, linoleic acid... compared with controls.
Pu J et al. · Molecular psychiatry (2021)
Pathway and network analyses revealed altered amino acid metabolism and lipid metabolism, especially for the tryptophan-kynurenine pathway and fatty acid metabolism, in the peripheral system of MDD patients.
Our findings may facilitate biomarker development and the elucidation of the molecular mechanisms that underly MDD.
According to this meta-analysis, generally, glutamine supplementation has no effect on athletics immune system, aerobic performance, and body composition.
Ramezani Ahmadi A, Rayyani E, Bahreini M, Mansoori A · Clinical Nutrition (2019)
47 studies reviewed; 25 trials in the meta-analysis of athletes
No significant effect on immune system, aerobic performance, or body composition overall
Glutamine was associated with greater weight reduction; neutrophil effects varied by dose and supplement type
5Interleukin-6 expression and myalgia reductionSystematische ÜbersichtCited 6×2022
According the scientific literature nutraceutical therapy associated with dexamethasone can reduce the expression of Interlukina-6(IL-6) and myalgia due to COVID-19.
Ripani U et al. · Medical archives (Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina) (2022)
According the scientific literature nutraceutical therapy associated with dexamethasone can reduce the expression of Interlukina-6(IL-6) and myalgia due to COVID-19.
6Muscle atrophy and functional mobility recoverySystematische ÜbersichtCited 41×2018
Optimizing nutritional status pre-operatively may help manage the surgical stress response, with a particular benefit for undernourished, frail, or elderly individuals.
Burgess LC et al. · Nutrients (2018)
Amino acid supplementation is reported to reduce muscle atrophy and accelerate return of functional mobility.
One paper reported a suppressive effect of beta-hydroxy beta-methylbutyrate, L-arginine, and L-glutamine supplementation on muscle strength loss following TKR.
There is limited evidence for nutritional supplementation in THR and TKR pathways; however, the low risk profile and potential benefits to adjunctive treatment methods, such as exercise programs, suggest nutritional supplements may have a role.
7Safety and tolerabilityRCTCited 1×n=40 · small study2024
Our results indicate the product was well-tolerated at all dosing levels and no significant adverse changes occurred in any of the test parameters compared to the placebo group, indicating relative safety of ingestion over a 4-week treatment period, at the volumes used, and outside the context of physical stress.
8Pain crises over 48 weeksRCTCited 431×n=230 · medium study2018
Among children and adults with sickle cell anemia, the median number of pain crises over 48 weeks was lower among those who received oral therapy with l-glutamine, administered alone or with hydroxyurea, than among those who received placebo, with or without hydroxyurea. (Funded by Emmaus Medical; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT01179217 .).
Niihara Y et al. · The New England journal of medicine (2018)
Spürbar Nutzen
← SchlechterKein EffektBesser →
Likely real
A total of 230 patients (age range, 5 to 58 years; 53.9% female) were randomly assigned, in a 2:1 ratio, to receive l-glutamine (152 patients) or placebo (78 patients).
The patients in the l-glutamine group had significantly fewer pain crises than those in the placebo group (P=0.005), with a median of 3.0 in the l-glutamine group and 4.0 in the placebo group.
Fewer hospitalizations occurred in the l-glutamine group than in the placebo group (P=0.005), with a median of 2.0 in the l-glutamine group and 3.0 in the placebo group.
9Mucosal immunity and upper respiratory tract infectionsRCTCited 7×n=21 · very small study2024
Three-week supplementation of L-glutamine after intensive training enhanced the mucosal immunity, improved hormonal status and reduced the rate of URTI of combat-sport athletes while feelings of well-being were also enhanced.
Lu TL et al. · Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition (2024)
Supplementation of L-glutamine significantly enhanced the concentrations of IgA and NO in saliva; additionally, the incidence of URTI was significantly reduced.
Regarding hormones, T concentration was significantly decreased in the PLA group, whereas C concentration was significantly increased, resulting in a significant decrease of T/C ratio.
In contrast, the GLU group showed a significant increase of T/C ratio, while the mood scores of the Hooper's index questionnaire were higher in the PLA group.
There was a decreasing trend in the number, severity, and hospitalization of VOC and a significantly lower cumulative number of VOCs and hospitalizations in the glutamine group than in SOC (p = 0.008, p < 0.001 respectively).
Ebeid FSE et al. · Annals of hematology (2024)
There was a decreasing trend in the number, severity, and hospitalization of VOC and a significantly lower cumulative number of VOCs and hospitalizations in the glutamine group than in SOC (p = 0.008, p < 0.001 respectively).
Time-averaged mean maximum velocity for the glutamine group had a marginal increase in both middle cerebral arteries, all values remained normal within a normal range, and in both internal carotid arteries, values increased from abnormally low to normal ranges at week 24.
Glutamine reduced the number of VOCs and severity and may have a potentially favorable impact on the cerebral arterial flow velocities.
It was concluded that the neurotransmitter-precursor-supplement intervention is effective in alleviating the withdrawal and mood symptoms and it may become a supplementary method for patients' recovery from heroin addiction.
Chen D et al. · Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology. Medical sciences = Hua zhong ke ji da xue xue bao. Yi xue Ying De wen ban = Huazhong keji daxue xuebao. Yixue Yingdewen ban (2012)
The results showed that the insomnia and withdrawal scores were significantly improved over time in participants in the intervention group as compared with those in the control group.
The sleep status and the withdrawal symptoms were observed daily throughout the study, and the mood states were monitored pre- and post-intervention.
A greater reduction in tension-anxiety, depression-dejection, anger-hostility, fatigue-inertia and total mood disturbance, and a greater increase in their vigor-activity symptoms were found at day 6 in the intervention group than in the control group (all P<0.05).
This review explores the evolution of SCD treatment, evaluates the promise and limitations of emerging gene therapies, and highlights the urgent need for equitable access to these transformative technologies.
Duesberg MS, Schiller G. · Cureus (2025)
Recent advances in gene therapy have transformed the therapeutic landscape of SCD, offering curative potential through techniques such as lentiviral vector-mediated gene addition and CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing.
These approaches aim to restore normal hemoglobin production or reactivate fetal hemoglobin expression.
While clinical trial outcomes are encouraging, with reduced vaso-occlusive crises and transfusion independence, major challenges remain, including high costs, need for myeloablative conditioning, and limited access in high-burden regions.
Clinical trial registration This trial is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04684381).
Sadaf A, Dong M, Pfeiffer A, Latham T, Kalfa T, Vinks AA, Ware RE, Quinn CT. · Clinical pharmacokinetics (2024)
Food intake did not significantly affect glutamine clearance, indicating that L-glutamine can be taken with or without food.
Conclusions We report the first pharmacokinetic study of multiple-dose, long-term oral L-glutamine therapy and the first population pharmacokinetic analysis of L-glutamine for sickle cell disease.
These findings may permit optimized dosing of L-glutamine for patients with sickle cell disease to maximize treatment benefits.
In conclusion, concurrent ingestion of 400 mL of alkaline water and 0.15 g/kg of L-glutamine before training enhanced the salivary α-amylase activity and testosterone concentration of boxers, which would be beneficial for post-exercise recovery.
Lu TL, He CS, Suzuki K, Lu CC, Wang CY, Fang SH. · Nutrients (2024)
The results showed that the ratio of α-amylase activity/total protein (TP) significantly increased after training in Group A+G but not in Group A or G, whereas the ratios of lactoferrin/TP and IgA/TP were unaffected in all three groups.
The activity of α-amylase and concentrations of lactoferrin, immunoglobulin A (IgA), testosterone, and cortisol in saliva were measured.
In conclusion, concurrent ingestion of 400 mL of alkaline water and 0.15 g/kg of L-glutamine before training enhanced the salivary α-amylase activity and testosterone concentration of boxers, which would be beneficial for post-exercise recovery.
16Safety of L-glutamine supplementationRCTCited 24×n=30 · small study2010
Increases in serum urea nitrogen and creatinine and decrease in eGFR are probably due to difficulties by older kidneys in metabolizing the supplemented protein sources.
Galera SC et al. · Nutrition (Burbank, Los Angeles County, Calif.) (2010)
Spürbar Nutzen
← SchlechterKein EffektBesser →
There were statistically but not clinically significant increases in plasma urea nitrogen and creatinine concentrations.
There was no significant decrease in eGFR during calcium caseinate supplementation (-2.9%).
The eGFR decreased significantly after L-Gln supplementation (-13.3%) but well below the 25% limit for biologic significance.
Adding L-glutamine to HU significantly reduced VOCs, ACS, and hospitalizations while improving Hb and hemolysis markers, without added toxicity.
Shakibazad N et al. · Turkish journal of haematology : official journal of Turkish Society of Haematology (2026)
Over 6 months, the HU + L-glutamine group experienced significantly fewer VOCs (1.00±0.73 vs. 1.65±0.80; p=0.003) and ACS episodes (0.19 vs. 0.77; p=0.006).
Hospitalizations declined by 40% (p=0.04).
Hemoglobin (Hb) rose more in the combination arm (+0.78 vs. +0.32 g/dL; p=0.028), with larger reductions in reticulocytes (p=0.04) and greater fetal Hb increases (+6.2% vs. +1.6%; p<0.001).
Hassanein FEA, Mikhail C, Elkot S, Abou-Bakr A. · Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology (2025)
Results By week 5, WHO scale scores differed significantly among groups (p < 0.001), with arginine and glutamine groups exhibiting lower mucositis severity than the maltodextrin group.
Pain-VAS scores at weeks 5 and 7 were significantly lower in the arginine and glutamine groups compared to maltodextrin (p = 0.004 and p < 0.001, respectively).
By 7th week of radiotherapy, BMI was significantly decreased in the maltodextrin group than in either the arginine (p = 0.028) or glutamine (p = 0.001) groups, indicative of treatment-mediated weight loss.
Ultimately, optimizing the timing of therapy initiation requires moving from reactive to proactive care models that consider risk, clinical severity, and evolving therapeutic options, with the goal of improving quality of life and long-term survival for individuals living with SCD.
Martin OY, Jacob SA. · Hematology. American Society of Hematology. Education Program (2025)
Additional therapies, such as L-glutamine, crizanlizumab, and formerly voxelotor, highlight the growing yet complex therapeutic landscape.
Curative and transformative options, such as hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and newly approved gene therapies, underscore the need for individualized decision-making based on risk, disease trajectory, and patient goals.
Rethinking treatment paradigms to incorporate multiagent approaches, biomarker-driven strategies, and earlier intervention may yield improved outcomes.
Further validation studies with a larger number of patients are warranted.
Naganuma A, Makita F, Sugimoto R, Kikuchi M, Furuta K, Iwamoto S, Sakamori R, Kouno H, Ario K, Yatsuhashi H. · Clinical nutrition ESPEN (2025)
Although interesting differences were observed in the secondary endpoints, a slight retention of L3-SMI values in the intervention group compared with that in the control group was observed (96.5 % vs. 89.9 %, p = 0.407).
No difference in HFSR was observed.
Conclusion Although the HMB/Arg/Gln beverage and locomotion training did not reduce adverse events caused by lenvatinib, they might be useful in maintaining skeletal muscle mass.