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Luz7.0
Lutein + Zeaxanthin – Forschung
Hilft wahrscheinlich
47 begutachtete Studien
Was die Evidenz sagt
Hilft wahrscheinlich
Lutein + Zeaxanthin scheint in 18 von 19 Studien mit messbaren Effekten zu helfen — die Evidenz tendiert klar ins Positive.
Die meiste Evidenz stammt aus hochwertigen Meta-Analysen und randomisierten Studien, veröffentlicht 2012–2026 mit einer typischen Studiengröße von 860 Teilnehmenden.
Basierend auf 47 Studien · 17 Meta-Analysen · 12 RCTs · 527,947 Teilnehmende insgesamt
Konfidenz
Hohe Konfidenz
Was die Studien gefunden haben
18geholfen1unklar· 28 weitere ohne bewertete Effektdaten
Nach Outcome
Vision & macular healthVerbesserte Makulapigmentdichte und Sehkomfort innerhalb von 3-6 Monaten · 3-6 Monate
Hilft wahrscheinlich41 Studien
Cognitive function
Hilft wahrscheinlich17 Studien
Heart & blood pressure
Überwiegend Mechanismus / Beobachtung3 Studien
Glucose & metabolic
Überwiegend Mechanismus / Beobachtung3 Studien
Therapeutic & clinical
Überwiegend Mechanismus / Beobachtung3 Studien
Women's health
Zu wenige bewertete Studien2 Studien
Skin health
Zu wenige bewertete Studien1 Studie
Inflammation
Zu wenige bewertete Studien1 Studie
Longevity & agingErhöht das Makulapigment; Zusammenhänge mit gesundem Altern beruhen auf Beobachtungsdaten · 3-6 Monate
Zu wenige bewertete Studien1 Studie
In Zahlen
Aus 39 Studien mit messbaren Effekten gezogen
Wahrscheinlich echte Effekte
57%
über Studien hinweg
Untersuchte Personen
528k
typische Studie: 860 Personen
Stärkste Designs
29
17 gepoolt, 12 randomisiert
Zeigte Nutzen
95%
18/19 Studien
Wie lange Studien liefen
1–3 Monate
1
3+ Monate
5
Untersuchte Populationen
Adults6
AMD patients3
General population2
Age-related macular degeneration patients2
Aktives Forschungsgebiet
40 Studien in den letzten 5 Jahren · Neueste Meta-Analyse: 2024
201220192026
1Progression to late AMDSystematische ÜbersichtCited 45×n=2,445 · very large study2023
Moderate-certainty evidence suggests that antioxidant vitamin and mineral supplementation (AREDS: vitamin C, E, beta-carotene, and zinc) probably slows down progression to late AMD.
Evans JR et al. · The Cochrane database of systematic reviews (2023)
Groß Nutzen
← SchlechterKein EffektBesser →
These studies enroled 11,952 people aged 65 to 75 years and included slightly more women (on average 56% women).
People taking antioxidant vitamins were less likely to progress to late AMD (odds ratio (OR) 0.72, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.58 to 0.90; 3 studies, 2445 participants; moderate-certainty evidence).
Low-certainty evidence from one study of 110 people suggested higher quality of life scores (measured with the Visual Function Questionnaire) in treated compared with non-treated people after 24 months (mean difference (MD) 12.30, 95% CI 4.24 to 20.36).
2Progression to late AMDMeta-AnalyseCited 8×n=85,321 · very large study2022
Taking multivitamin supplementation may not prevent the development of late AMD.
Li SS et al. · Seminars in ophthalmology (2022)
Sehr groß Nutzen
← SchlechterKein EffektBesser →
In the network meta-analysis, we found that there was more risk of progression to late AMD in the multivitamin group than carotenoids and vitamin E groups (RR 0.45, 95% CI 0.32 to 0.65; RR 0.56, 95% CI 0.40 to 0.79; RR 0.42, 95% CI 0.26 to 0.67).
Taking multivitamin supplementation may not prevent the development of late AMD.
The nutrient of zinc and carotenoids (lutein/zeaxanthin) supplementation were associated with better improvement in VA.
3Macular pigment optical densityMeta-AnalyseCited 54×n=3,189 · very large study2021
Our objective was to determine a minimum concentration of lutein/zeaxanthin intake that is associated with a statistically significant and/or clinically important change in macular pigment optical ...
Wilson LM et al. · Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) (2021)
Spürbar Nutzen
← SchlechterKein EffektBesser →
Our objective was to determine a minimum concentration of lutein/zeaxanthin intake that is associated with a statistically significant and/or clinically important change in macular pigment optical density (MPOD) among adults with healthy eyes.
We included 46 studies (N = 3189 participants; mean age = 43 y; 42% male).
There was no statistically significant change in MPOD among studies evaluating <5 mg/d of total lutein/zeaxanthin intake which primarily assessed dietary interventions for 3-6 mo (pooled mean difference, 0.02; 95% CI: -0.01 to 0.05).
4Dry eye syndrome symptomsSystematische ÜbersichtCited 2×n=584 · large study2024
Lutein supplementation may benefit DED patients by improving symptoms and tear film stability.
Chu YC et al. · International journal for vitamin and nutrition research. Internationale Zeitschrift fur Vitamin- und Ernahrungsforschung. Journal international de vitaminologie et de nutrition (2024)
Improvements were observed in subjective symptoms, with significant reductions in Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) scores in some studies.
Schirmer's test and corneal-conjunctival staining results varied, with some showing significant improvements and others not.
Lutein supplementation may benefit DED patients by improving symptoms and tear film stability.
5Age-related macular degeneration progressionSystematische ÜbersichtCited 31×n=2,021 · very large study2022
Acta Ophthalmologica published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Acta Ophthalmologica Scandinavica Foundation.
Pameijer EM et al. · Acta ophthalmologica (2022)
A high consumption of alcohol was associated with a higher risk of developing AMD (moderate certainty of evidence).
Supplementary vitamin C, vitamin E, or β-carotene were not associated with the development of AMD, and supplementary omega-3 fatty acids were not associated with progression to late AMD (high certainty of evidence).
Research in the last 35 years included in our overview supports that a high intake of specific nutrients, the use of antioxidant supplements and adherence to a Mediterranean diet decrease the risk of progression of early to late AMD.
6Coronary heart disease riskMeta-AnalyseCited 103×n=387,569 · very large study2016
Our findings suggest that higher dietary intake and higher blood concentrations of lutein are generally associated with better cardiometabolic health.
Leermakers ET et al. · The American journal of clinical nutrition (2016)
Spürbar Nutzen
← SchlechterKein EffektBesser →
Meta-analysis showed a lower risk of coronary heart disease (pooled RR: 0.88; 95% CI: 0.80, 0.98) and stroke (pooled RR: 0.82; 95% CI: 0.72, 0.93) for the highest compared with the lowest tertile of lutein blood concentration or intake.
There was no significant association with type 2 diabetes mellitus (pooled RR: 0.97; 95% CI: 0.77, 1.22), but higher lutein was associated with a lower risk of metabolic syndrome (pooled RR: 0.75; 95% CI: 0.60, 0.92) for the highest compared with the lowest tertile.
Our findings suggest that higher dietary intake and higher blood concentrations of lutein are generally associated with better cardiometabolic health.
Dietary intake of these carotenoids was significantly related with a reduction in risk of late AMD (RR 0·74; 95 % CI 0·57, 0·97); and a statistically significant inverse association was observed between lutein and zeaxanthin intake and neovascular AMD risk (RR 0·68; 95 % CI 0·51, 0·92).
Ma L et al. · British Journal of Nutrition (2012)
Groß Nutzen
← SchlechterKein EffektBesser →
The pooled relative risk (RR) for early AMD, comparing the highest with the lowest category of lutein and zeaxanthin intake, was 0·96 (95 % CI 0·78, 1·17).
Dietary intake of these carotenoids was significantly related with a reduction in risk of late AMD (RR 0·74; 95 % CI 0·57, 0·97).
A statistically significant inverse association was observed between lutein and zeaxanthin intake and neovascular AMD risk (RR 0·68; 95 % CI 0·51, 0·92).
Long-term AREDS2 follow-up data provide the strongest clinical evidence to date that lutein/zeaxanthin reduces AMD progression compared to beta-carotene.
Chew EY et al. · JAMA Ophthalmology (2024)
Lutein/zeaxanthin substitution reduced late AMD progression compared to beta-carotene over 10-year follow-up
Risk of neovascular AMD was significantly lower in the lutein/zeaxanthin group
Participants with lower baseline dietary carotenoid intake showed the greatest benefit
Khalighi Sikaroudi M et al. · Journal of the science of food and agriculture (2021)
Subgroup analyses showed that egg consumption: (a) had a larger effect on MPOD in studies with a parallel design; and (b) increased serum lutein to a greater extent in a healthy population.
We did not detect any heterogeneity between studies.
Daily egg consumption has beneficial effects on MPOD and serum lutein is inversely associated with reduced AMD progression.
10Photoprotective effectsSystematische ÜbersichtCited 2×n=47 · small study2025
Future research is necessary to determine optimal dosing and supplementation duration for intended photoprotective outcomes.
Natarelli N et al. · Journal of medicinal food (2025)
The weakest evidence exists for photoprotective effects of isolated vitamin or coenzyme Q supplementation.
Dietary supplements may promote enhanced photoprotection, although current evidence is limited by small sample size and short duration.
Supplementation with photoprotective active ingredients may be especially favorable for individuals with predisposed ultraviolet sensitivity, such as those with polymorphic light eruption.
11Macular pigment optical densityMeta-AnalyseCited 8×n=38 · small study2024
Especially, the L + zeaxanthin + fatty acid combination was ranked best for macular pigment optical density (surface under the cumulative ranking: 99.3%) and second best for contrast sensitivity at...
Hu W et al. · Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) (2024)
Sehr groß Nutzen
← SchlechterKein EffektBesser →
Especially, the L + zeaxanthin + fatty acid combination was ranked best for macular pigment optical density (surface under the cumulative ranking: 99.3%) and second best for contrast sensitivity at low spatial frequency (67.7%).
Overall, antioxidant supplementation was estimated to improve eye health parameters, whereas different combinations of antioxidants may also have varying effects on improving visual health from multiple perspectives.
This study was registered at PROSPERO as CRD42022369250.
12Liver disease riskSystematische ÜbersichtCited 3×n=30 · small study2024
However, for malignant diseases such as liver cancer, it did not show the significant effects of carotenoid supplementation.
Hu B et al. · Food & function (2024)
Spürbar Nutzen
← SchlechterKein EffektBesser →
Likely real
Two reviewers independently scored the literature quality and extracted data, and the results were represented by the standard mean difference (SMD) with a 95% confidence interval.
Cochran Q statistics and I2 statistics were used to evaluate statistical heterogeneity (defined as significant when P < 0.05 or I2 > 50%).
However, no significant difference was observed between serum β-cryptoxanthin (SMD = 0.02, 95% CI (-0.41, 0.45), P = 0.92) and lutein/zeaxanthin (SMD = 0.62, 95% CI (-1.20, 2.45), P = 0.502).
14Visual outcomes from xanthophyll intakeMeta-AnalyseCited 11×2023
Intake of xanthophyll-rich food or supplements can improve eye health.
Hu W et al. · Nutrition reviews (2023)
Intake of xanthophyll-rich food or supplements can improve eye health.
Additional improvement in visual acuity was observed in patients with eye disease.
A positive association between MPOD and serum lutein level, while absent with dietary xanthophyll intake, suggests the importance of bioavailability when examining the effect of xanthophyll on eye health.
16IL-6 levelsMeta-AnalyseCited 44×n=26 · very small study2022
The overall results supported possible protective effects of carotenoids on inflammatory biomarkers.
Hajizadeh-Sharafabad F et al. · Critical reviews in food science and nutrition (2022)
Spürbar Nutzen
← SchlechterKein EffektBesser →
Likely real
The random-effect model was used to analyze data and the overall effect size was computed as weighted mean difference (WMD) and corresponding 95% of confidence interval (CI).
A total of 26 trials with 35 effect sizes were included in this meta-analysis.
Also, only lycopene (WMD: ‒1.08 pg/ml, 95%CI: ‒2.03, ‒0.12, P = 0.027) led to a significant decrease in IL-6.
The data suggest that carotenoid vitamin therapy exerts synergic neuroprotective benefits and has the capacity to serve adjunctive therapy in the management of glaucoma.
Lem DW et al. · Nutrients (2021)
A comprehensive literature search was conducted in three databases (PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science) and 20 records were identified for screening.
Lutein demonstrated enhanced neuroprotection on retinal ganglion cell survival and preserved synaptic activity.
In clinical studies, a protective trend was seen with greater dietary consumption of carotenoids and risk of glaucoma, while greater carotenoid levels in macular pigment were largely associated with improved visual performance in glaucomatous eyes.
These findings provide a strong molecular basis and a line of evidence that suggests carotenoid vitamin therapy may offer enhanced neuroprotective effects with therapeutic potential to function as an adjunct nutraceutical strategy for management of diabetic retinopathy.
Lem DW et al. · Nutrients (2021)
Lutein and zeaxanthin demonstrated significant protection against capillary cell degeneration and hyperglycemia-induced changes in retinal vasculature.
Observational studies indicate that depletion of xanthophyll carotenoids in the macula may represent a novel feature of DR, specifically in patients with type 2 or poorly managed type 1 diabetes.
Meanwhile, early interventional trials with dietary carotenoid supplementation show promise in improving their levels in serum and macular pigments concomitant with benefits in visual performance.
A laboratory methods chapter on extracting, detecting, and imaging the macular carotenoids; its background notes the observational association between higher macular carotenoids and lower AMD risk.
Li B et al. · Methods in enzymology (2022)
Background context notes that higher intraretinal carotenoid levels are observationally associated with lower AMD risk (not an interventional finding from this chapter).
Reviews carotenoid extraction methods from retina, RPE/choroid, serum and liver across human and animal models.
Reviews macular-carotenoid detection by spectroscopy and HPLC (cyano, chiral, and C30 columns).
Dietary lutein and zeaxanthin intake increased MPOD in six of the seven clinical trials and significantly improved most of the cognitive functions studied.
García-Romera MC et al. · Physiology & behavior (2022)
Dietary lutein and zeaxanthin intake increased MPOD in six of the seven clinical trials and significantly improved most of the cognitive functions studied.
Brain activity also was related to MPOD, but the results were inconsistent.
Only four of the eleven observational studies were based on young people and all studies showed a significant relationship between MPOD and cognitive functions.