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Mg8.5
Magnesium – Forschung
Hilft wahrscheinlich
56 begutachtete Studien
Was die Evidenz sagt
Hilft wahrscheinlich
Magnesium scheint in 12 von 16 Studien mit messbaren Effekten zu helfen — die Evidenz tendiert klar ins Positive.
Die meiste Evidenz stammt aus hochwertigen Meta-Analysen und randomisierten Studien, veröffentlicht 2010–2026 mit einer typischen Studiengröße von 215 Teilnehmenden.
Basierend auf 56 Studien · 19 Meta-Analysen · 17 RCTs · 36,811 Teilnehmende insgesamt
Konfidenz
Hohe Konfidenz
Was die Studien gefunden haben
12geholfen3unklar1nicht geholfen· 40 weitere ohne bewertete Effektdaten
Nach Outcome
Heart & blood pressureVerbesserter Blutdruck und verbesserte Gefäßgesundheit innerhalb von 4-8 Wochen · 4-8 Wochen
Überwiegend Mechanismus / Beobachtung12 Studien
Glucose & metabolicVerbesserte Insulinsensitivität bei Personen mit Mangel · 4-8 Wochen · Verbessert die Insulinsensitivität in moderatem Maße, insbesondere bei Mangel · 4-12 Wochen
Überwiegend Mechanismus / Beobachtung8 Studien
Therapeutic & clinical
Hilft vermutlich8 Studien
Bone health & women's healthUnterstützt einen gesunden Östrogenstoffwechsel und das hormonelle Gleichgewicht · 4-8 Wochen · Kann helfen, Menstruationsbeschwerden und PMS-Symptome zu verringern · 1-3 Zyklen · Liefert essentielle Nährstoffe für eine gesunde Schwangerschaft · Fortlaufend
Überwiegend Mechanismus / Beobachtung7 Studien
Safety profile
Überwiegend Mechanismus / Beobachtung7 Studien
Sleep & insomniaBessere Schlafqualität und Entspannung · 1-2 Wochen · Leichtere Entspannung vor dem Schlafen · 1 Woche · Die Aktivierung von GABA-Rezeptoren und Muskelentspannung verbessern die Schlafkontinuität · 2-4 Wochen
Hilft wahrscheinlich6 Studien
Cognitive function
Überwiegend Mechanismus / Beobachtung4 Studien
Depression & moodMeta-Analysen zeigen eine signifikante Verbesserung der Depressions- und Stimmungswerte · 2-4 Wochen
Überwiegend Mechanismus / Beobachtung4 Studien
Anxiety & stressVerringerte Angst und Stressreaktion · 1-2 Wochen · Abschwächung der Stressreaktivität und Cortisolregulation · 2-4 Wochen
Überwiegend Mechanismus / Beobachtung3 Studien
Muscle cramps & function
Überwiegend Mechanismus / Beobachtung3 Studien
In Zahlen
Aus 45 Studien mit messbaren Effekten gezogen
Wahrscheinlich echte Effekte
89%
über Studien hinweg
Untersuchte Personen
37k
typische Studie: 215 Personen
Stärkste Designs
36
19 gepoolt, 17 randomisiert
Zeigte Nutzen
75%
12/16 Studien
Wie lange Studien liefen
1–4 Wochen
2
1–3 Monate
2
3+ Monate
3
Untersuchte Populationen
Adults4
Pregnant women2
General population2
Type 2 diabetes patients1
Aktives Forschungsgebiet
48 Studien in den letzten 5 Jahren · Neueste Meta-Analyse: 2026
201020182026
1Magnesium levelsMeta-Analysen=1,100 · large study2026
This systematic review and meta-analysis conclude that magnesium levels are significantly lower in patients with diabetic retinopathy than in diabetic controls without retinopathy.
Kubbara EA et al. · Nutrients (2026)
Sehr groß Nutzen
← SchlechterKein EffektBesser →
Likely real
The random-effects model indicated significantly lower magnesium levels in patients with diabetic retinopathy compared to diabetic controls [SMD = -1.19, 95% CI (-1.68; -0.70); p < 0.0001; I2 = 95%].
Meta-regression analysis revealed that year of publication (coefficient = 0.061; p = 0.009) and non-Asian studies (coefficient = 2.376; p = 0.001) were positively associated with the pooled effect size, while the NOS quality score was inversely associated (coefficient = -0.709; p = 0.035).
The magnesium levels were significantly lower in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy compared with those with non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy using a fixed effect model [SMD = -1.41, (95% CI: -1.83; -1.00); p < 0.01; I2 = 32%; Cochran's Q statistic (Q = 1.46, p < 0.23)].
2Systolic blood pressure reductionMeta-AnalyseCited 4×n=2,709 · very large study2025
Magnesium intake resulted in a reduction in systolic BP of -2.81 mm Hg (95% CI, -4.32 to -1.29) and diastolic BP by -2.05 mm Hg (95% CI, -3.23 to -0.88) compared with placebo.
5Self-reported anxiety and sleep qualitySystematische ÜbersichtCited 7×n=800 · large study2024
Five out of eight sleep-related studies reported improvements in sleep parameters, while two studies reported no improvements, and one reported mixed results.
6Hospitalisation during pregnancyMeta-AnalyseCited 96×n=9,090 · very large study2014
There is not enough high-quality evidence to show that dietary magnesium supplementation during pregnancy is beneficial.
Makrides M et al. · The Cochrane database of systematic reviews (2014)
Groß Nutzen
← SchlechterKein EffektBesser →
Women receiving magnesium were significantly less likely to require hospitalisation during pregnancy (RR 0.65, 95% CI 0.48 to 0.86; three trials, 1158 women).Of the 10 trials included in the review, only two were judged to be of high quality overall.
There is not enough high-quality evidence to show that dietary magnesium supplementation during pregnancy is beneficial.
7PCOS biomarkersMeta-AnalyseCited 20×n=504 · large study2022
This meta-analysis highlights the potential anti-hyperlipidemic, anti-oxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties of vitamin E supplementation alone or in combination with omega-3 or magnesium on PCOS patients.
Heidari H et al. · Scientific reports (2022)
No significant effect was found on HDL-c, glycemic indices, hormonal profile, anthropometric measurements, and other biomarkers of inflammation or oxidative stress.
This meta-analysis highlights the potential anti-hyperlipidemic, anti-oxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties of vitamin E supplementation alone or in combination with omega-3 or magnesium on PCOS patients.
Moreover, our work indicates that Mg supplementation may improve insulin-sensitivity parameters in those at high risk of diabetes.
Veronese N et al. · Nutrients (2021)
Data were reported as standardized mean differences (SMDs) with their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using follow-up data of glucose and insulin-sensitivity parameters.
In people at high risk of diabetes, Mg supplementation significantly improved plasma glucose per se, and after a 2 h oral glucose tolerance test.
Furthermore, Mg supplementation demonstrated an improvement in insulin sensitivity markers.
9Subjective anxiety and stressSystematische ÜbersichtCited 81×n=500 · large study2020
This overlap in the results suggests that stress could increase magnesium loss, causing a deficiency; and in turn, magnesium deficiency could enhance the body's susceptibility to stress, resulting in a magnesium and stress vicious circle.
10Lung cancer riskMeta-AnalyseCited 10×n=707 · large study2018
Our study suggested that serum magnesium levels had no significant association on lung cancer risk.
Song X et al. · World journal of surgical oncology (2018)
Kein klarer Effekt
← SchlechterKein EffektBesser →
Serum magnesium levels were not significantly lower in patients with lung cancer [summary SMD = 0.193, 95%CI = - 1.504 to 1.890] when compared to health controls, with significant heterogeneity (I2 = 99.6%, P < 0.001) found.
Negative associations were found among Asian populations [summary SMD = 0.229, 95%CI = - 1.637 to 2.094] and European populations [summary SMD = - 0.168, 95%CI = - 0.482 to 0.147].
Our study suggested that serum magnesium levels had no significant association on lung cancer risk.
11Sleep onset latencyMeta-AnalyseCited 37×n=151 · medium study2021
Pooled analysis showed that post-intervention sleep onset latency time was 17.36 min less after magnesium supplementation compared to placebo (95% CI - 27.27 to - 7.44, p = 0.0006).
Mah J et al. · BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies (2021)
12Micronutrient levels in diabetic foot ulcerMeta-AnalyseCited 16×2023
This review provides evidence that micronutrient levels significantly differ in DFU patients, suggesting an association between micronutrient status and risk of DFU.
Kurian SJ et al. · Frontiers in endocrinology (2023)
Spürbar Nutzen
← SchlechterKein EffektBesser →
DFU, compared to healthy controls (HC) had significantly lower vitamin D (MD: -10.82 14 ng/ml, 95% CI: -20.47, -1.16), magnesium (MD: -0.45 mg/dL, 95% CI: -0.78, -0.12) and selenium (MD: -0.33 µmol/L, 95% CI: -0.34, -0.32) levels.
DFU, compared to DM patients without DFU, had significantly lower vitamin D (MD: -5.41 ng/ml, 95% CI: -8.06, -2.76), and magnesium (MD: -0.20 mg/dL, 95% CI: -0.25, -0.15) levels.
The overall analysis showed lower levels of vitamin D [15.55ng/ml (95% CI:13.44, 17.65)], vitamin C [4.99µmol/L (95% CI:3.16, 6.83)], magnesium [1.53mg/dL (95% CI:1.28, 1.78)] and selenium [0.54µmol/L (95% CI:0.45, 0.64)].
Both supplements demonstrated greater reductions in SBP for the general population at lower dosages and longer treatment durations.
Behers BJ et al. · Nutrients (2024)
Both supplements demonstrated greater reductions in SBP for the general population at lower dosages and longer treatment durations.
Future studies are needed to validate these findings and provide tailored recommendations.
These studies could investigate varying dosages over long-term follow-up to provide robust data on optimal dosages and treatment durations, as our findings were limited due to reliance on previously published trials.
14Skeletal muscle cramp prophylaxisMeta-AnalyseCited 46×n=408 · medium study2020
It is unlikely that magnesium supplementation provides clinically meaningful cramp prophylaxis to older adults experiencing skeletal muscle cramps.
Garrison SR et al. · The Cochrane database of systematic reviews (2020)
Kein klarer Effekt
← SchlechterKein EffektBesser →
The percentage of individuals experiencing a 25% or better reduction in cramp rate from baseline was also no different (RR 1.04, 95% CI 0.84 to 1.29; 3 studies, 177 participants; high-certainty evidence).
Similarly, no statistically significant difference was found at four weeks in measures of cramp intensity or cramp duration.
The single study comparing magnesium to no treatment failed to find statistically significant benefit on a three-point ordinal scale of overall treatment efficacy.
Future cohort studies should evaluate various Mg biomarkers and collect repeated measurements of Mg intake over time, considering different sources (diet or supplements) and factors affecting absor...
Chen F et al. · Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) (2024)
Future cohort studies should evaluate various Mg biomarkers and collect repeated measurements of Mg intake over time, considering different sources (diet or supplements) and factors affecting absorption (for example, calcium-to-Mg intake ratio).
This systematic review was preregistered in PROSPERO (CRD42023423663).
16Muscle fitness measuresMeta-AnalyseCited 30×n=215 · medium study2017
But Mg supplementation may benefit individuals with Mg deficiency, such as the elderly and alcoholics.
Wang R et al. · Magnesium research (2017)
Measurements of the association were pooled using a fixed-effects model and expressed as weighted mean differences (WMDs) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs).
The beneficial effects of Mg supplementation appeared to be more pronounced in the elderly and alcoholics, but were not apparent in athletes and physically active individuals.
17Magnesium levels in malaria patients vs controlsMeta-Analysen=13 · very small study2024
The meta-analysis indicated elevated magnesium levels in malaria patients compared with uninfected controls (P < 0.01, Hedges' g: 1.94, 95% CI 0.86-3.03, I2: 98.38%, 9 studies).
Kotepui KU et al. · Scientific reports (2024)
Sehr groß Nutzen
← SchlechterKein EffektBesser →
Likely real
The effect sizes from individual studies were pooled using the random-effects model.
The meta-analysis indicated elevated magnesium levels in malaria patients compared with uninfected controls (P < 0.01, Hedges' g: 1.94, 95% CI 0.86-3.03, I2: 98.38%, 9 studies).
No statistically significant difference was observed in magnesium levels between patients with severe and nonsevere malaria (P: 0.34, Hedges' g: 0.62, 95% CI - 0.64-1.88, I2: 91.46%, 2 studies).
18Hip bone mineral densityMeta-AnalyseCited 63×2022
This systematic review indicates that a higher magnesium intake may support an increase in hip and femoral neck BMD.
Groenendijk I et al. · Bone (2022)
Spürbar Nutzen
← SchlechterKein EffektBesser →
Borderline
Meta-analysis of four studies showed a significant positive association between magnesium intake and hip BMD (pooled beta: 0.03, 95% CI: 0.01-0.06, p < 0.05).
This systematic review indicates that a higher magnesium intake may support an increase in hip and femoral neck BMD.
Due to limited research no associations with BMD at other sites or fractures were found.
19Serum magnesium levels in ADHD vs healthy controlsMeta-AnalyseCited 27×2019
The random-effects meta-analysis showed that subjects with ADHD had 0.105 mmol/l (95% CI: -0.188, -0.022; P < 0.013) lower serum magnesium levels compared with to their healthy controls.
Effatpanah M et al. · Psychiatry research (2019)
Spürbar Nutzen
← SchlechterKein EffektBesser →
Likely real
The random-effects meta-analysis showed that subjects with ADHD had 0.105 mmol/l (95% CI: -0.188, -0.022; P < 0.013) lower serum magnesium levels compared with to their healthy controls.
Moreover, we observed striking and statistically significant heterogeneity among the included studies (I2 = 96.2%, P = 0.0103).
The evidence from this meta-analysis supports the theory that an inverse relationship between serum magnesium deficiency and ADHD exists.
Aging Cell published by Anatomical Society and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Huang CW et al. · Aging cell (2026)
We further discuss how age-associated drift in mitochondrial magnesium may act as a hidden temporal regulator that lowers the threshold for cellular senescence.
Finally, we outline emerging therapeutic strategies, including transport-informed and compartment-specific approaches, that move beyond nonspecific supplementation toward precision modulation of magnesium-dependent bioenergetics.
Together, this framework positions magnesium as a mechanistic link between mitochondrial function, metabolic disease, and aging, with broad implications for translational intervention.