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Mfn4.0

Metformin – Forschung

Überwiegend Mechanismus / Beobachtung

8 begutachtete Studien

Was die Evidenz sagt

Überwiegend Mechanismus / Beobachtung

Die meisten Studien zu Metformin sind mechanistisch oder beobachtend statt RCTs, die einen klinischen Effekt messen — betrachte die Ergebnisse als vorläufig.

Die meiste Evidenz stammt aus mittelwertigen Meta-Analysen und randomisierten Studien, veröffentlicht 1998–2026 mit einer typischen Studiengröße von 404 Teilnehmenden.

Basierend auf 8 Studien · 1 Meta-Analyse · 4 RCTs · 1,210 Teilnehmende insgesamt

Konfidenz

Mittlere Konfidenz

Nach Outcome

Aging & mortalityBeobachtungs-/metaanalytische Daten deuten bei Diabetikern auf eine niedrigere Gesamtmortalität und weniger altersbedingte Erkrankungen hin — konfundiert, nicht als kausal nachgewiesen · Jahre
Überwiegend Mechanismus / Beobachtung6 Studien
Glycemic & metabolicSenkt den Blutzucker und HbA1c und verbessert die Insulinsensitivität — der etablierte, nachgewiesene Effekt · Wochen · Verbessert die Insulinsensitivität; der etablierte metabolische First-Line-Effekt (Langlebigkeit/Geroprotektion bleibt umstritten) · Wochen
Überwiegend Mechanismus / Beobachtung3 Studien
Exercise interference
Zu wenige bewertete Studien1 Studie

Stetige Forschung

2 Studien in den letzten 5 Jahren · Neueste Meta-Analyse: 2017

199820122026

1RCTn=404 · medium study2026

Once-daily oral elecoglipron showed reductions in glycaemia and a safety and tolerability profile consistent with the GLP-1 receptor agonist class at a similar phase of development, supporting continued development with phase 3 trials for people living with type 2 diabetes.

Aroda VR et al. · Lancet (London, England) (2026)

Once-daily oral elecoglipron showed reductions in glycaemia and a safety and tolerability profile consistent with the GLP-1 receptor agonist class at a similar phase of development, supporting continued development with phase 3 trials for people living with type 2 diabetes.
Published in Lancet (London, England) (2026)
Further research warranted to confirm findings

Quelle ansehen

2RCTn=753 · large study1998

Intensive blood-glucose control with metformin reduced diabetes-related complications and all-cause mortality in overweight patients.

· Lancet (London, England) (1998)

UKPDS 34 randomized trial of metformin in overweight type-2 diabetics
Reduced diabetes-related endpoints and all-cause mortality vs conventional therapy
Foundational evidence for metformin's cardiovascular/mortality benefit in diabetes

3Meta-Analyse2017

Metformin reduces all-cause mortality and diseases of ageing independent of its effect on diabetes control.

Campbell, Bellman, Stephenson, Lisy · Ageing research reviews (2017)

Systematic review/meta-analysis of metformin and age-related outcomes
Reported lower all-cause mortality and reduced age-related disease
A central citation for the geroprotector hypothesis (and the TAME rationale)

Quelle ansehen

4Übersicht2016

Metformin is a candidate tool to target aging via AMPK and related pathways.

Barzilai, Crandall, Kritchevsky, Espeland · Cell metabolism (2016)

Review of metformin's aging-relevant mechanisms (AMPK, insulin/IGF-1, inflammation)
Frames the TAME trial rationale
Summarizes preclinical and epidemiological support

Quelle ansehen

5RCTn=53 · small study2019

Metformin inhibited the mitochondrial and cardiorespiratory-fitness adaptations to aerobic exercise training in older adults.

Konopka, Laurin, Schoenberg, Reid, Castor, Wolff · Aging cell (2019)

Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of metformin during 12 weeks of aerobic exercise training in older adults
Metformin blunted the improvement in cardiorespiratory fitness (VO2max) and skeletal-muscle mitochondrial respiration from training
Direct HUMAN evidence for the exercise-interference trade-off

Quelle ansehen

6RCT2018

The METAL window-of-opportunity trial investigated metformin's biological aging mechanisms in non-diabetic individuals.

Crawley, Chandra, Loda, Gillett, Cathcart, Challacombe · BMC cancer (2018)

METAL: randomized window-of-opportunity study of metformin in non-diabetic individuals
Examined metformin's effects on biological/mechanistic markers relevant to aging and cancer
Directly probes the geroprotector hypothesis in non-diabetics

Quelle ansehen

7Systematische Übersicht2022

A systematic review found metformin has heterogeneous, model-dependent effects on lifespan and is most beneficial when started early.

Parish, Swindell · Aging cell (2022)

Systematic review of metformin's effects on lifespan across model organisms
Effects were heterogeneous and model/dose-dependent — not a uniform lifespan extension
Directly supports the 'contested geroprotector' framing

Quelle ansehen

8Übersicht2020

Metformin attenuates several hallmarks of aging in preclinical models.

Kulkarni, Gubbi, Barzilai · Cell metabolism (2020)

Review mapping metformin's effects onto the hallmarks of aging
Covers autophagy, senescence, inflammation, and nutrient sensing
Mechanistic support for geroprotection

Quelle ansehen

In der Forschungsbibliothek ansehen

Metformin – Forschung

Überwiegend Mechanismus / Beobachtung

Elecoglipron, an oral small molecule GLP-1 receptor agonist in adults with type 2 diabetes (SOLSTICE): a multicentre, phase 2b, randomised, placebo-controlled trial

Effect of intensive blood-glucose control with metformin on complications in overweight patients with type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 34). UK Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS) Group.

Metformin reduces all-cause mortality and diseases of ageing independent of its effect on diabetes control: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Metformin as a Tool to Target Aging.

Metformin inhibits mitochondrial adaptations to aerobic exercise training in older adults.

Metformin and longevity (METAL): a window of opportunity study investigating the biological effects of metformin in localised prostate cancer.

Metformin has heterogeneous effects on model organism lifespans and is beneficial when started at an early age in Caenorhabditis elegans: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Benefits of Metformin in Attenuating the Hallmarks of Aging.