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NR5.5
Nicotinamide Riboside – Forschung
Überwiegend Mechanismus / Beobachtung
38 begutachtete Studien
Was die Evidenz sagt
Überwiegend Mechanismus / Beobachtung
Die meisten Studien zu Nicotinamide Riboside sind mechanistisch oder beobachtend statt RCTs, die einen klinischen Effekt messen — betrachte die Ergebnisse als vorläufig.
Die meiste Evidenz stammt aus hochwertigen Meta-Analysen und randomisierten Studien, veröffentlicht 2017–2026 mit einer typischen Studiengröße von 36 Teilnehmenden.
Basierend auf 38 Studien · 1 Meta-Analyse · 27 RCTs · 2,824 Teilnehmende insgesamt
Konfidenz
Hohe Konfidenz
Was die Studien gefunden haben
2geholfen· 36 weitere ohne bewertete Effektdaten
Nach Outcome
Longevity & agingErhöhte NAD+-Spiegel, die zelluläre Reparatur, Sirtuin-Aktivität und mitochondriale Funktion im Zusammenhang mit gesundem Altern unterstützen · 2–4 weeks
Überwiegend Mechanismus / Beobachtung36 Studien
Therapeutic & clinical
Überwiegend Mechanismus / Beobachtung13 Studien
Safety profile
Überwiegend Mechanismus / Beobachtung8 Studien
Heart & blood pressureEine Hypertonie-Pilotstudie verfehlte ihren primären Blutdruck-Endpunkt; ein moderater Zuwachs der Gehstrecke wurde bei peripherer arterieller Verschlusskrankheit beobachtet · 6–12 weeks
Überwiegend Mechanismus / Beobachtung5 Studien
Energy & fatigueErhöht NAD+, aber kontrollierte Studien konnten keine verringerte Müdigkeit oder verbesserte Energie nachweisen · 4–8 weeks
Überwiegend Mechanismus / Beobachtung5 Studien
Lean body mass & muscle growth
Überwiegend Mechanismus / Beobachtung4 Studien
Cognitive functionDie Gedächtnisparameter blieben stabil, ohne signifikante Verbesserung gegenüber Placebo in einer MCI-Pilotstudie · 10–16 weeks
Überwiegend Mechanismus / Beobachtung3 Studien
Neuroprotection & brain agingUnterstützt das neuronale NAD+ und die mitochondriale Funktion · 8-12 weeks
Überwiegend Mechanismus / Beobachtung3 Studien
Glucose & metabolicSteigert NAD+ zur Förderung der mitochondrialen Effizienz und metabolischen Flexibilität · 8-12 weeks
Überwiegend Mechanismus / Beobachtung3 Studien
InflammationVerringerung zirkulierender entzündungsfördernder Zytokine und systemischer Entzündungsmarker · 4–8 weeks
Überwiegend Mechanismus / Beobachtung3 Studien
Weight management
Zu wenige bewertete Studien2 Studien
Endurance & exercise performance
Zu wenige bewertete Studien1 Studie
RecoveryErhöht das NAD+-Metabolom im Muskel, verbesserte jedoch nicht die Erholung nach experimenteller Muskelverletzung · 4–8 weeks
Zu wenige bewertete Studien1 Studie
Liver health
Zu wenige bewertete Studien1 Studie
In Zahlen
Aus 25 Studien mit messbaren Effekten gezogen
Untersuchte Personen
2,824
typische Studie: 36 Personen
Stärkste Designs
28
1 gepoolt, 27 randomisiert
Zeigte Nutzen
100%
2/2 Studien
Wie lange Studien liefen
1–4 Wochen
2
1–3 Monate
6
3+ Monate
1
Untersuchte Populationen
Alzheimer's disease patients2
Healthy middle-aged and older adults1
Healthy overweight adults1
Newly diagnosed Parkinson's patients1
Aktives Forschungsgebiet
28 Studien in den letzten 5 Jahren · Neueste Meta-Analyse: 2025
20172026
1RCTn=1,646 · large study2026
Neoadjuvant serplulimab plus SOX followed by adjuvant serplulimab significantly improved event-free survival and demonstrated a better safety profile compared with neoadjuvant and adjuvant SOX in PD-L1-positive, resectable gastric or gastro-oesophageal junction adenocarcinoma.
Shen L et al. · Lancet (London, England) (2026)
Neoadjuvant serplulimab plus SOX followed by adjuvant serplulimab significantly improved event-free survival and demonstrated a better safety profile compared with neoadjuvant and adjuvant SOX in PD-L1-positive, resectable gastric or gastro-oesophageal junction adenocarcinoma.
Extended follow-up for the overall survival data is warranted to confirm a survival advantage of this perioperative strategy with a chemotherapy-sparing adjuvant component for this indication.
2NAD+ metabolism and tolerabilityCrossoverCited 451×n=24 · very small study2018
Chronic supplementation with the NAD+ precursor vitamin, nicotinamide riboside (NR), is well tolerated and effectively stimulates NAD+ metabolism in healthy middle-aged and older adults.
3Whole blood NAD+ levelsRCTCited 152×n=140 · medium study2019
Consumption of 100, 300 and 1000 mg NR dose-dependently and significantly increased whole blood NAD+ (i.e., 22%, 51% and 142%) and other NAD+ metabolites within 2 weeks.
Conze D et al. · Scientific reports (2019)
Sehr groß Nutzen
← SchlechterKein EffektBesser →
8-week RCT with doses of 100, 300, and 1000 mg NR vs. placebo in healthy overweight adults
Dose-dependent increases in whole blood NAD+ of 22%, 51%, and 142% respectively within 2 weeks
NAD+ elevations maintained throughout the 8-week study duration
4Cerebral NAD levelsRCTCited 226×n=30 · small study2022
NR treatment was well tolerated and led to a significant, but variable, increase in cerebral NAD levels and related metabolites in the cerebrospinal fluid, with NR recipients showing increased brain NAD levels exhibiting altered cerebral metabolism associated with mild clinical improvement.
Brakedal B et al. · Cell metabolism (2022)
Phase I RCT of 1000 mg NR vs. placebo for 30 days in 30 newly diagnosed, treatment-naive Parkinson's patients
NR significantly increased cerebral NAD+ levels measured by 31P-MRS and related metabolites in CSF
Increased brain NAD levels were associated with altered cerebral metabolism (18FDG-PET) and mild clinical improvement
5Safety and tolerabilityRCTCited 48×n=20 · very small study2023
NR therapy was well tolerated with no moderate or severe adverse events, and no significant difference in mild adverse events. NR greatly augmented the blood NAD metabolome with up to 5-fold increase in blood NAD+ levels.
Berven H et al. · Nature communications (2023)
Phase I safety RCT in 20 Parkinson's patients randomized 1:1 to NR 1500 mg twice daily (3000 mg/day) or placebo for 4 weeks
High-dose NR (3000 mg/day) was safe and well-tolerated with no moderate or severe adverse events
NR augmented the blood NAD metabolome with up to a 5-fold increase in blood NAD+ levels
6ataxia rating scales improvementRCTn=60 · small study2024
This RCT provides important evidence for NR supplementation in a rare neurological disease population, demonstrating both NAD+ elevation and potential functional neurological benefit.
Nachbauer W et al. · The Lancet Neurology (2024)
NR supplementation significantly elevated blood NAD+ levels throughout the 12-month trial
The combination of NR plus individualized exercise produced the greatest improvements in ataxia rating scales
NR was well tolerated with no serious adverse events attributed to supplementation
8Skeletal muscle NAD+ metabolomeRCTCited 349×n=12 · very small study2019
NR supplementation augments the NAD+ metabolome in aged human skeletal muscle and induces transcriptomic signatures consistent with anti-inflammatory and mitochondrial repair responses.
Elhassan YS et al. · Cell reports (2019)
RCT in healthy older adults examining NR 1000 mg/day effects on skeletal muscle NAD+ metabolome
NR significantly augmented NAD+ and related metabolites in aged skeletal muscle tissue
Transcriptomic analysis revealed upregulation of anti-inflammatory pathways and mitochondrial repair signatures
At 6-month follow-up, compared to placebo, NR significantly improved 6-min walk (+7.0 vs. -10.6 meters, between group difference: +17.6 (90% CI: + 1.8,+∞).
McDermott MM et al. · Nature communications (2024)
Randomized double-blind trial in 90 people with peripheral artery disease (PAD), 6 months of NR with or without resveratrol vs. placebo
NR meaningfully improved 6-min walk distance vs. placebo (+7.0 vs. -10.6 meters; between-group difference +17.6 m)
Among participants taking ≥75% of pills, NR improved 6-min walk by 31.0 meters; resveratrol added no benefit over NR alone
10Insulin sensitivityRCTCited 217×n=40 · small study2018
NR supplementation was safe and well-tolerated in obese men and increased NAD+ metabolites, but did not significantly improve insulin sensitivity or lipid metabolism vs. placebo over 12 weeks.
Dollerup OL et al. · The American journal of clinical nutrition (2018)
12-week placebo-controlled RCT of NR 1000 mg/day in obese but otherwise healthy men
NR significantly elevated blood NAD+ metabolites vs. placebo confirming target engagement
No significant improvement in insulin sensitivity (primary outcome) or lipid metabolism parameters
NR, NMN, and niacin each elevated blood NAD+ through distinct metabolic routes with differential effects on the gut microbiome and peripheral NAD+ metabolome.
Christen S et al. · Nature metabolism (2026)
Head-to-head RCT comparing three NAD+ boosters (NR, NMN, and niacin) on circulatory NAD+ and gut microbiome
All three compounds elevated blood NAD+ but with distinct metabolomics profiles and pathway utilization
NR and NMN showed preferential conversion through the NRK/NMNAT pathway while niacin used the Preiss-Handler pathway
12Airway inflammation markersRCTCited 21×n=40 · small study2024
NR supplementation reduced markers of airway inflammation in COPD patients, suggesting NAD+ repletion may attenuate inflammatory pathology in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
Norheim KL et al. · Nature aging (2024)
RCT examining NR effects on airway inflammation in patients with COPD
NR treatment significantly elevated NAD+ levels in blood of COPD patients
Reductions in airway inflammation markers observed in the NR group vs. placebo
13Hepatic inflammation markersRCTCited 38×n=80 · small study2023
NRPT supplementation significantly reduced markers of hepatic inflammation in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, providing the first clinical evidence for NAD+ therapy in NAFLD.
Dellinger RW et al. · Hepatology (2023)
Double-blind RCT of NR + pterostilbene vs. placebo in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
NRPT significantly reduced hepatic inflammation markers including ALT and inflammatory cytokines vs. placebo
Treatment was well-tolerated with no significant adverse events
15NAD+ levels and functional benefitsSystematische Übersicht2026
NAD+ precursor supplementation demonstrates consistent safety and NAD+ elevation in clinical trials, though functional benefits require larger and longer-duration studies to confirm.
Gallagher C et al. · Ageing research reviews (2026)
PRISMA-guided systematic review of both preclinical and clinical NAD+ supplementation literature
NR and NMN consistently and robustly elevate NAD+ levels in human clinical trials
Preclinical evidence strongly supports multiple aging hallmark targets including mitochondrial function, DNA repair, and inflammation
16Blood NAD+ concentrationsRCTCited 29×n=20 · very small study2024
NR significantly increased blood NAD+ concentrations (2.6-fold) in older adults with mild cognitive impairment, was well tolerated, and was associated with a modest reduction in epigenetic age.
Orr ME et al. · GeroScience (2024)
Spürbar Nutzen
← SchlechterKein EffektBesser →
10-week pilot RCT of NR dose-escalated to 1 g/day vs. placebo in 20 older adults with MCI
2.6-fold increase in blood NAD+ in NR group with no between-group difference in adverse events
Cognitive metrics (MoCA and others) remained stable; no significant improvement or worsening
This framework offers a theoretical foundation for mitochondrial-targeted anti-aging interventions while laying the groundwork for future clinical research, nutritional interventions, and the development of multi-target combination strategies.
Sun Y et al. · Redox biology (2026)
Collectively, by conceptualizing mitochondrial aging as a systemic imbalance rather than isolated molecular defects, this paper highlights a three-axis model of NMN/NR, PQQ, and EGT.
This framework offers a theoretical foundation for mitochondrial-targeted anti-aging interventions while laying the groundwork for future clinical research, nutritional interventions, and the development of multi-target combination strategies.
19PANoptosis mechanisms in Alzheimer's diseaseSystematische Übersicht2026
This review underscores PANoptosis as a critical pathological mechanism in AD and highlights novel therapeutic avenues aimed at disrupting this cell death program to mitigate AD progression.
Paidlewar M et al. · Free radical biology & medicine (2026)
Dysregulation of signalling pathways, including cGAS-STING, PI3K/AKT, JAK/STAT/IRF1, and p38/ERK/JNK MAPK contribute to PANoptosis by enhancing inflammation, free radical generation, mitochondrial damage, synaptic impairment, and BBB disruption.
Preclinical studies on compounds like celasterol, magnoflorin, calycosin, and liproxstatin-1, along with clinical trials on the drugs including nicotinamide riboside, barcitinib, dexmeditomidine, and semaglutide, suggest a neuroprotective potential by modulating PANoptotic pathways.
This review underscores PANoptosis as a critical pathological mechanism in AD and highlights novel therapeutic avenues aimed at disrupting this cell death program to mitigate AD progression.
20Cardiopulmonary fitnessRCTn=17 · very small study2026
The combination of nicotinamide riboside plus exercise for 12 weeks was safe and increased cardiopulmonary fitness in children and adults with Friedreich's ataxia.
Lin KY et al. · The Lancet. Neurology (2026)
The combination of nicotinamide riboside plus exercise for 12 weeks was safe and increased cardiopulmonary fitness in children and adults with Friedreich's ataxia.
Longer studies are needed to establish whether adding nicotinamide riboside to exercise could be considered as part of a long-term, comprehensive treatment approach.