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Se6.5
Selenium – Forschung
Hilft wahrscheinlich
149 begutachtete Studien
Was die Evidenz sagt
Hilft wahrscheinlich
Selenium scheint in 28 von 34 Studien mit messbaren Effekten zu helfen — die Evidenz tendiert klar ins Positive.
Die meiste Evidenz stammt aus hochwertigen Meta-Analysen und randomisierten Studien, veröffentlicht 2008–2026 mit einer typischen Studiengröße von 282 Teilnehmenden.
Basierend auf 149 Studien · 45 Meta-Analysen · 13 RCTs · 263,952 Teilnehmende insgesamt
Konfidenz
Hohe Konfidenz
Was die Studien gefunden haben
28geholfen4unklar2nicht geholfen· 115 weitere ohne bewertete Effektdaten
Nach Outcome
Thyroid function
Hilft wahrscheinlich26 Studien
Therapeutic & clinical
Hilft wahrscheinlich22 Studien
Immune supportUnterstützt die Funktion der Immunzellen · 4-8 Wochen
Überwiegend Mechanismus / Beobachtung18 Studien
InflammationSelenoproteine (GPx) reduzieren oxidativen Stress und Entzündungen · 4-8 Wochen
Hilft vermutlich16 Studien
Safety profile
Hilft wahrscheinlich14 Studien
Women's healthUnterstützt einen gesunden Östrogenstoffwechsel und das hormonelle Gleichgewicht · 4-8 Wochen · Liefert essenzielle Nährstoffe für eine gesunde Schwangerschaft · Fortlaufend
Hilft wahrscheinlich11 Studien
Heart & blood pressure
Überwiegend Mechanismus / Beobachtung10 Studien
Glucose & metabolic
Hilft vermutlich10 Studien
Cognitive function
Überwiegend Mechanismus / Beobachtung9 Studien
Depression & moodDer Selenstatus korreliert mit der Stimmung; eine Korrektur verbessert Angstzustände und Depressionen · 4-8 Wochen
Überwiegend Mechanismus / Beobachtung7 Studien
Cholesterol & lipids
Überwiegend Mechanismus / Beobachtung6 Studien
Neuroprotection & brain agingSelenoprotein-vermittelte antioxidative Abwehr im ZNS · Fortlaufend
Überwiegend Mechanismus / Beobachtung6 Studien
Skin health
Überwiegend Mechanismus / Beobachtung3 Studien
Fertility & reproductiveKann die reproduktive Gesundheit und Fertilitätsmarker unterstützen · 4-12 Wochen
Zu wenige bewertete Studien2 Studien
Men's vitalityEssenziell für die Umwandlung von Schilddrüsenhormonen (T4 zu T3) · 4-8 Wochen · Antioxidative Unterstützung der Prostata · 4-12 Wochen
Zu wenige bewertete Studien2 Studien
Joint pain & arthritis
Zu wenige bewertete Studien2 Studien
Liver health
Zu wenige bewertete Studien1 Studie
In Zahlen
Aus 101 Studien mit messbaren Effekten gezogen
Wahrscheinlich echte Effekte
88%
über Studien hinweg
Untersuchte Personen
264k
typische Studie: 282 Personen
Stärkste Designs
58
45 gepoolt, 13 randomisiert
Zeigte Nutzen
82%
28/34 Studien
Wie lange Studien liefen
1–3 Monate
2
3+ Monate
2
Untersuchte Populationen
General population11
Hashimoto's thyroiditis patients4
COVID-19 patients4
Pregnant women2
Aktives Forschungsgebiet
132 Studien in den letzten 5 Jahren · Neueste Meta-Analyse: 2025
200820172026
1Meta-Analysen=4,162 · very large study2023
However, additional investigation is necessary to ascertain whether there is a potential association between these variables.
Li J et al. · Nutrients (2023)
All three methods of MR analysis revealed that Se levels had no effect on OP risk.
In addition, the sensitivity analysis revealed no heterogeneity or pleiotropy, and the significance of the overall effect remained unaffected by single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), as determined by the leave-one-out analysis, indicating that our findings are relatively reliable.
The results of our study indicate that there is no causal association between Se levels and the risk of OP.
3Body weight reductionMeta-AnalyseCited 10×n=2,362 · very large study2023
Carnitine was relatively effective in reducing body mass, while chromium, Omega-3, and selenium were beneficial for improving glucose metabolism.
Hu X et al. · PeerJ (2023)
The network meta-analysis showed that carnitine, inositol, and probiotics reduced body weight and body mass index (BMI) compared to placebo, and carnitine outperformed the other supplements (SUCRAs: 96.04%, 97.73%, respectively).
Omega-3 lowered fasting blood glucose (FBG) (SUCRAs: 93.53%), and chromium reduced fasting insulin (FINS) (SUCRAs: 72.90%); both were superior to placebo in improving insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR), and chromium was more effective than Omega-3 (SUCRAs: 79.99%).
Selenium was potent in raising the quantitative insulin sensitivity index (QUICKI) (SUCRAs: 87.92%).
4Serum iron levelsMeta-AnalyseCited 3×n=8,542 · very large study2024
Patients with vitiligo should reduce smoking and alcohol consumption and take appropriate vitamin E, B12, copper, and zinc supplements.
Liang X et al. · Frontiers in immunology (2024)
Spürbar Nutzen
← SchlechterKein EffektBesser →
Vitamin C [mean difference (MD), -0.342; 95% confidence interval (CI), -1.090-0.407; p >0.05), folic acid (MD, -1.463; 95% CI, -7.133-4.208; p >0.05), and selenium (MD, 0.350; 95% CI, -0.687-1.387; p >0.05) levels did not differ between the groups.
The serum iron level of the vitiligo group was significantly higher than that of the control group (MD, 1.181; 95% CI, 0.390-1.972; p <0.005).
Patients with vitiligo should reduce smoking and alcohol consumption and take appropriate vitamin E, B12, copper, and zinc supplements.
5TSH levels in patients without THRTMeta-AnalyseCited 51×n=869 · large study2024
Indications for lowering TPOAb were found independent of THRT.
Huwiler VV et al. · Thyroid : official journal of the American Thyroid Association (2024)
Spürbar Nutzen
← SchlechterKein EffektBesser →
We synthesized the results as standardized mean differences (SMD) or odds ratio (OR), assessed risk of bias using the Cochrane RoB 2 tool, and rated the evidence using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) approach.
Our meta-analysis found that selenium supplementation decreased TSH in patients without THRT (SMD -0.21 [confidence interval, CI -0.43 to -0.02]; 7 cohorts, 869 participants; I2 = 0%).
In addition, TPOAb (SMD -0.96 [CI -1.36 to -0.56]; 29 cohorts; 2358 participants; I2 = 90%) and malondialdehyde (MDA; SMD -1.16 [CI -2.29 to -0.02]; 3 cohorts; 248 participants; I2 = 85%) decreased in patients with and without THRT.
6CVD mortality with selenium-containing antioxidant mixturesMeta-AnalyseCited 104×n=9,423 · very large study2020
The addition of selenium should be considered for supplements containing antioxidant mixtures if they are to be associated with CVD and all-cause mortality risk reduction.
Jenkins DJA et al. · The American journal of clinical nutrition (2020)
Spürbar Nutzen
← SchlechterKein EffektBesser →
Likely real
However, a decreased risk with antioxidant mixtures was seen for CVD mortality when selenium was part of the mix (RR: 0.77; 95% CI: 0.62, 0.97; P = 0.02), with no association when selenium was absent.
Similarly, when selenium was part of the antioxidant mixture, a decreased risk was seen for all-cause mortality (RR: 0.90; 95% CI: 0.82, 0.98; P = 0.02) as opposed to an increased risk when selenium was absent (RR: 1.09; 95% CI: 1.04, 1.13; P = 0.0002).
The addition of selenium should be considered for supplements containing antioxidant mixtures if they are to be associated with CVD and all-cause mortality risk reduction.
7Any cancer incidenceMeta-AnalyseCited 264×n=27,232 · very large study2018
Well-designed and well-conducted RCTs have shown no beneficial effect of selenium supplements in reducing cancer risk (high certainty of evidence).
Vinceti M et al. · The Cochrane database of systematic reviews (2018)
Kein klarer Effekt
← SchlechterKein EffektBesser →
For analyses of RCTs with low risk of bias, the summary risk ratio (RR) for any cancer incidence was 1.01 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.93 to 1.10; 3 studies, 19,475 participants; high-certainty evidence).
The RR for estimated cancer mortality was 1.02 (95% CI 0.80 to 1.30; 1 study, 17,444 participants).
Selenium supplementation did not reduce overall cancer incidence (RR 0.99, 95% CI 0.86 to 1.14; 5 studies, 21,860 participants) nor mortality (RR 0.81, 95% CI 0.49 to 1.32; 2 studies, 18,698 participants).
8Prostate cancer riskMeta-AnalyseCited 104×n=13,254 · very large study2012
The relation between selenium status and decreased prostate cancer risk was examined over a relatively narrow range of selenium status; further studies in low-selenium populations are required.
Hurst R et al. · The American journal of clinical nutrition (2012)
Sehr groß Nutzen
← SchlechterKein EffektBesser →
Three high-quality studies included in the meta-analysis of toenail selenium and cancer risk indicated a reduction in prostate cancer risk (estimated RR: 0.29; 95% CI: 0.14, 0.61) with a toenail selenium concentration between 0.85 and 0.94 μg/g.
The relation between selenium status and decreased prostate cancer risk was examined over a relatively narrow range of selenium status; further studies in low-selenium populations are required.
9Selenium levels in skin diseasesMeta-AnalyseCited 28×n=1,315 · large study2020
Selenium levels were associated with several skin diseases and the disease severity, and high selenium levels tended to be a protective factor in certain skin diseases.
Lv J et al. · Journal of trace elements in medicine and biology : organ of the Society for Minerals and Trace Elements (GMS) (2020)
Groß Nutzen
← SchlechterKein EffektBesser →
Compared with controls, no significant difference in selenium was found in patients with vitiligo (SMD = 0.53, 95% CI: -0.40 to 1.45), alopecia areata (SMD = 0.47, 95% CI: -2.72 and 3.65), or eczema (SMD = 0.12, 95% CI: -0.24 to 0.48).
A lower selenium level was found in patients with psoriasis (SMD = -0.62, 95% CI: -1.15 to -0.10), acne vulgaris (SMD = -1.02, 95% CI: -1.45 to -0.60), chloric acne (SMD = -2.35, 95% CI: -3.15 to -1.55), and atopic dermatitis (SMD = -2.62, 95% CI: -3.00 to -2.24).
As for disease severity, severe patients had a higher selenium level than mild patients in psoriasis (SMD = 0.72, 95% CI: 0.07-1.38), but no difference was found in vitiligo (SMD = -0.26, 95% CI: -2.38 to 1.85) and alopecia areata (SMD = 0.46, 95% CI: -0.34 to 1.26).
10Preeclampsia incidenceMeta-AnalyseCited 52×n=1,515 · large study2016
However, more prospective clinical trials are required to assess the association between selenium supplementation and preeclampsia and to determine the dose, beginning time, and duration of selenium supplementation.
Xu M et al. · Biological trace element research (2016)
Sehr groß Nutzen
← SchlechterKein EffektBesser →
Likely real
Using a random-effect model, a statistically significant difference in blood selenium concentration of -6.47 μg/l (95 % confidence interval (CI) -11.24 to -1.7, p = 0.008) was seen after comparing the mean difference of observational studies.
Supplementation with selenium significantly reduces the incidence of preeclampsia.
In randomized controlled trials, using a random-effect model, the relative risk for preeclampsia was 0.28 (0.09 to 0.84) for selenium supplementation (p = 0.02).
11Fasting plasma glucose levelsMeta-Analysen=230 · medium study2025
For pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus, daily supplementation with 200 µg of selenium may help lower fasting blood glucose levels and the risk of hyperbilirubinemia in the newborn, but it does not significantly affect total cholesterol, triglycerides, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, or high density lipoprotein cholesterol levels.
Sun J et al. · BMC endocrine disorders (2025)
Spürbar Nutzen
← SchlechterKein EffektBesser →
Likely real
Compared with placebo group, the selenium group did not significantly reduce the level of homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance(P = 0.20, MD = -0.71, 95%CI: -1.80, 0.37).
Selenium supplementation at 200 µg/d significantly reduced fasting plasma glucose(P = 0.0002, MD = -5.03, 95% CI: -7.70, -2.37) and the incidence of newborn's hyperbilirubinemia((P = 0.0003, MD = 0.09, 95% CI: 0.03, 0.33).
Given the limitations of this study, these conclusions require further validation.
13Serum micronutrient levels in vitiligoMeta-AnalyseCited 3×n=41 · small study2024
This meta-analysis examined the effects of Copper.
Anam K et al. · Scientific reports (2024)
Publication bias was not found for the studies analysed.
This study analyses the association of serum micronutrient levels and vitiligo among patients and controls from published research along with sub-group analysis specific to Asian populations using a meta-analysis.
Low serum levels of Zinc and copper and high selenium levels are associated with Vitiligo.
14Trace elements in Alzheimer dementiaMeta-AnalyseCited 39×n=73 · small study2023
In a further meta-analysis, standardized mean differences (SMDs) of 13 elements were calculated to evaluate their altered in AD patients, including copper, iron, zinc, selenium, manganese, lead, al...
Li K et al. · Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987) (2023)
Spürbar Nutzen
← SchlechterKein EffektBesser →
In a further meta-analysis, standardized mean differences (SMDs) of 13 elements were calculated to evaluate their altered in AD patients, including copper, iron, zinc, selenium, manganese, lead, aluminum, cadmium, chromium, arsenic, mercury, cobalt, and manganese.
We identified four trace elements-copper (serum), iron (plasma), zinc (hair), and selenium (plasma)-altered in AD patients, with SMDs of 0.37 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.10, 0.65), -0.68 (95% CI: -1.34, -0.02), -0.35 (95% CI: -0.62, -0.08), and -0.61 (95% CI: -0.97, -0.25), respectively.
Finally, we formed a database of various trace element levels in AD patients and healthy controls.
Roldán-Bretón NR et al. · Journal of nutritional science (2023)
Meta-analysis was conducted to mean difference (MD) with a 95 % confidence interval (CI), and heterogeneity was tested by I2 with random factors with a MD between selenium levels, mortality, morbidity and healthy subjects with a P-value of 0⋅05.
In conclusion, the patients with active SARS-CoV-2 infection had lower selenium levels than the healthy population.
The findings of the current systematic review and meta-analysis suggested that co-supplementation with probiotics and selenium may benefit adults in terms of glycemia indices and lipid profile.
Mohammadparast V et al. · Current nutrition reports (2023)
Co-supplementation with probiotic and selenium reduced fasting plasma glucose (WMD = -4.02 mg/dL; 95% CI: -5.87 to -2.18; P < 0.001), insulin (WMD = -2.50 mIU/mL; 95% CI: -3.11 to -1.90; P < 0.001), and HOMA-IR (WMD = -0.59; 95% CI: -0.74 to -0.43; P < 0.001).
Co-supplementation also reduced total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and triglyceride.
However, due to the small number of included studies, further trials are needed to confirm our findings.
17Micronutrient levels in diabetic foot ulcerMeta-AnalyseCited 16×2023
This review provides evidence that micronutrient levels significantly differ in DFU patients, suggesting an association between micronutrient status and risk of DFU.
Kurian SJ et al. · Frontiers in endocrinology (2023)
Spürbar Nutzen
← SchlechterKein EffektBesser →
DFU, compared to healthy controls (HC) had significantly lower vitamin D (MD: -10.82 14 ng/ml, 95% CI: -20.47, -1.16), magnesium (MD: -0.45 mg/dL, 95% CI: -0.78, -0.12) and selenium (MD: -0.33 µmol/L, 95% CI: -0.34, -0.32) levels.
DFU, compared to DM patients without DFU, had significantly lower vitamin D (MD: -5.41 ng/ml, 95% CI: -8.06, -2.76), and magnesium (MD: -0.20 mg/dL, 95% CI: -0.25, -0.15) levels.
The overall analysis showed lower levels of vitamin D [15.55ng/ml (95% CI:13.44, 17.65)], vitamin C [4.99µmol/L (95% CI:3.16, 6.83)], magnesium [1.53mg/dL (95% CI:1.28, 1.78)] and selenium [0.54µmol/L (95% CI:0.45, 0.64)].
Although some of the data suggested beneficial effects of selenium supplementation on immune function, the overall picture appears to be inconsistent and heterogeneous due to differences in trial duration and interventions, plus evidence of null and even detrimental effects.
Filippini T et al. · The American journal of clinical nutrition (2023)
Although some of the data suggested beneficial effects of selenium supplementation on immune function, the overall picture appears to be inconsistent and heterogeneous due to differences in trial duration and interventions, plus evidence of null and even detrimental effects.
This trial was registered at PROSPERO (CRD42022312280).
19Selenium concentrations in AD patientsMeta-AnalyseCited 31×2023
Generally, this meta-analysis indicated that AD patients are strongly associated with lower selenium concentrations compared with healthy people, which may provide a clinical reference in the future.
Zhou J et al. · Nutrients (2023)
Spürbar Nutzen
← SchlechterKein EffektBesser →
Likely real
A statistically significant relationship was only found for AD patients (SMD = -0.41, 95% CI (-0.64, -0.17), p < 0.001), especially for erythrocytes.
Generally, this meta-analysis indicated that AD patients are strongly associated with lower selenium concentrations compared with healthy people, which may provide a clinical reference in the future.
However, more studies are urgently needed for further study and treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.