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Thymalin – Forschung

Überwiegend Mechanismus / Beobachtung

6 begutachtete Studien

Was die Evidenz sagt

Überwiegend Mechanismus / Beobachtung

Die meisten Studien zu Thymalin sind mechanistisch oder beobachtend statt RCTs, die einen klinischen Effekt messen — betrachte die Ergebnisse als vorläufig.

Die meiste Evidenz stammt aus gemischt-qualitativen randomisierten Studien, veröffentlicht 2003–2023.

Basierend auf 6 Studien · 1 RCT

Konfidenz

Geringe Konfidenz

Nach Outcome

Immune supportEin Thymuspeptid-Präparat, das auf Immunrestauration (T-Lymphozyten-Differenzierung) und Dämpfung des Zytokinsturms untersucht wurde, einschließlich eines unverblindeten COVID-19-Adjuvans-Signals; die stützenden Humandaten sind Open-Label/von geringer Qualität. · Nicht belegt
Überwiegend Mechanismus / Beobachtung5 Studien
Inflammation
Überwiegend Mechanismus / Beobachtung4 Studien

Aktives Forschungsgebiet

3 Studien in den letzten 5 Jahren

200320132023

1RCT2003

Khavinson VKh, Morozov VG · Neuro Endocrinol Lett (2003)

2In vitro2020

Einfach gesagt: Thymalin reduced the expression of CD44 (stem cell marker) and CD117... by 2-3 times and increased the expression of CD28 (marker of mature T lymphocytes) by 6.8 times.

Khavinson VK, Linkova NS, Kvetnoy IM, Polyakova VO, Drobintseva AO, Kvetnaia TV, Ivko OM. · Bull Exp Biol Med (2020)

In-vitro study of thymalin on human hematopoietic stem-cell differentiation and CD28 expression
Thymalin lowered stem/intermediate markers (CD44, CD117) and raised the mature-T-cell marker CD28 6.8-fold
Interpreted as thymalin driving differentiation of precursors into mature CD28+ T lymphocytes, relevant to COVID-19 immune suppression

Quelle ansehen

3Tierstudie2011

Einfach gesagt: FTS level in old mice increased after administration of thymalin, the rhythm of CD4+-cells number in bone marrow and of corticosterone serum content restored.

Labunets IF, Rodnichenko AE, Magdich LV, Butenko GM. · Adv Gerontol (2011)

Animal study of thymalin's effect on bone-marrow precursor cells and CD4+ cells in young vs old mice across seasons
In old mice, thymalin raised thymic-serum-factor levels and restored the rhythm of bone-marrow CD4+ cells and corticosterone
Supports an immunorestorative effect in aged animals consistent with the proposed mechanism

4In vitro2023

Einfach gesagt: An in vitro model of an inflammatory reaction demonstrated that Thymalin and EW and KE dipeptides reduced the synthesis of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α cytokines in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells by 1.4-6.0 times.

Linkova N, Khavinson V, Diatlova A, Petukhov M, Vladimirova E, Sukhareva M, Ilina A. · Int J Mol Sci (2023)

Mechanistic study of thymalin's active dipeptides KE and EW using molecular docking, bioinformatics and an in-vitro LPS inflammation model
In LPS-stimulated human PBMCs, thymalin/KE/EW reduced IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α by 1.4-6-fold
Proposed gene targets (AKT1/AKT2, ACE2, CYSLTR1, CHUK) link the peptides to cytokine-storm pathways

Quelle ansehen

5Open-Label2021

Einfach gesagt: The addition of thymalin to standard therapy accelerated the decline in both these indicators and the indicators of the T cell system.

Khavinson VK, Kuznik BI, Trofimova SV, Volchkov VA, Rukavishnikova SA, Titova ON, Akhmedov TA, Trofimov AV, Potemkin VV, Magen E. · Stem Cell Rev Rep (2021)

Clinical report of thymalin added to standard COVID-19 therapy, framed around its effect on hematopoietic stem-cell differentiation
Adding thymalin accelerated the decline of IL-6, C-reactive protein and D-dimer versus standard care alone
Authors argue this helps reduce thrombotic risk and supports inclusion in complex COVID-19 treatment

Quelle ansehen

6Open-Label2022

Einfach gesagt: Hospital mortality in COVID-19 patients after standard therapy, Tocilizumab and Thymalin application was 40,9; 28,4 and 20,6% accordingly.

Kuznik BI, Shapovalov KG, Smolyakov YN, Lukyanov SA, Tereshkov PP, Kazantseva LS, Linkova NS. · Adv Gerontol (2022)

Comparative (non-blinded) clinical study of severe COVID-19 in middle-aged/elderly patients: standard therapy vs +tocilizumab vs +thymalin
Reported hospital mortality of 40.9% (standard), 28.4% (tocilizumab) and 20.6% (thymalin)
Thymalin increased lymphocyte/monocyte counts and lowered fibrinogen, LDH and D-dimer, improving coagulation indices

In der Forschungsbibliothek ansehen

Thymalin – Forschung

Überwiegend Mechanismus / Beobachtung

Peptides of pineal gland and thymus prolong human life.

Thymalin: Activation of Differentiation of Human Hematopoietic Stem Cells.

Thymus and adaptive changes of bone marrow cell composition in animals of different age.

The Influence of KE and EW Dipeptides in the Composition of the Thymalin Drug on Gene Expression and Protein Synthesis Involved in the Pathogenesis of COVID-19.

Results and Prospects of Using Activator of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Differentiation in Complex Therapy for Patients with COVID-19.

Morphological compound and indicators of the blood clotting system in severe COVID-19 patients of middle aged and elderly during treatment of Tocilizumab and Thymalin.