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Bth5.5

Betaine HCl Research

Too few graded studiesModerate safety

2 peer-reviewed studies

What the evidence says

Too few graded studies

Betaine HCl doesn't have enough studies with structured effect-size data yet to pool a verdict. Browse the studies below for individual findings.

Most evidence is from high-quality randomised trials published 2013–2024.

Based on 2 studies · 1 RCT

Confidence

Low

What the studies found

1helped· 1 more without graded effect data

By outcome

Safety profile
Too few graded studies2 studies
Digestive healthImproved protein digestion and reduced post-meal discomfort within 1-2 weeks · 1-2 weeks
Too few graded studies1 study
Glucose & metabolic
Too few graded studies1 study

Active research area

1 study in the last 5 years

201320182024

1Systematic Review2024

This narrative review describes the functions of gastric acid in gastrointestinal and immune health, documents the effects of hypochlorhydria in AIG, and proposes potential options for safely re-establishing the acid milieu of the stomach for patients with AIG.

Taylor L et al. · Nutrients (2024)

Mealtime acid supplementation has an historic basis and could ameliorate many AIG-related gastrointestinal symptoms.
Theoretically, acidification could also reduce the potential for hypergastrinemia and the production of N-nitroso compounds, consequently reducing the risk of gastric cancers.
Supplemental vitamin C may also help in preventing gastric N-nitroso formation, regardless of the gastric pH.

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2RCTCited 23×2013

The concomitant supplementation of methyl donors along with GAA largely precluded the elevation of serum homocysteine caused by GAA administration alone.

Ostojic SM et al. · The British journal of nutrition (2013)

Huge benefit

← WorseNo effectBetter →

Likely real

The proportion of participants who reported minor adverse events was 33.3 % in the GAA group, and 10.0 % in the GAA with methyl donors group (P= 0.30).
Hyperhomocysteinaemia was found in 55.6 % of participants supplemented with GAA, while no participant experienced hyperhomocysteinaemia in the group supplemented with GAA and methyl donors (P= 0.01).
In summary, both interventions strongly influenced creatine metabolism, resulting in a significant increase in fasting serum creatine.

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Betaine HCl Research

Too few graded studies

Creating a Framework for Treating Autoimmune Gastritis-The Case for Replacing Lost Acid

Co-administration of methyl donors along with guanidinoacetic acid reduces the incidence of hyperhomocysteinaemia compared with guanidinoacetic acid administration alone