Boron

Both support bone and hormonal health

Comprehensive mineral support

⟡ Calcium

Boron reduces urinary calcium excretion and supports estrogen and vitamin D metabolism, enhancing calcium retention.

Reduced calcium loss through urine and enhanced bone mineral retention

Top studies from 39+ peer-reviewed papers

📚systematic-review

Gui JY et al. • The Science of the total environment (2022)

“The regulatory mechanisms of Se on these micronutrients are also analyzed.”

Key Findings:

The regulatory mechanisms of Se on these micronutrients are also analyzed.
Based on the current understanding of the interaction between Se and these essential elements, future directions for research are suggested.

📚systematic-reviewn=29

Heffernan SM et al. • Nutrients (2019)

“PROSPERO preregistered (CRD42018090502).”

Key Findings:

Approximately 50% of athletes have reported consuming some form of micronutrient supplement; however, there is limited data confirming their efficacy for improving performance.
Only Iron and Magnesium included articles of sufficient quality to be assigned as 'strong'.
Currently, there is little evidence to support the use of MTE supplementation to improve physiological markers of athletic performance, with the possible exception of Iron (in particular, biological situations) and Magnesium as these currently have the strongest quality evidence.
Regardless, some MTEs may possess the potential to improve athletic performance, but more high quality research is required before support for these MTEs can be given.

📚meta-analysisn=361

Sun X et al. • Critical reviews in oncology/hematology (2026)

“BNCT has shown favorable efficacy and safety in LRHNC.”

Key Findings:

The ORR was 70 % (95 % CI: 65 %-75 %; P = 0.8187) and the 2-year OS rate was 45 % (95 % CI: 39 %-50 %; P < 0.0001).
The ORR of patients with non-squamous cell carcinoma (NSCC) was higher than those with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) (82 % vs. 72 %), while the 2-year OS rates were similar (50 % vs. 49 %).
The most frequent acute AEs included hyperamylasemia (75 %, 95 % CI: 70 %-80 %), alopecia (61 %, 95 % CI: 55 %-67 %), and submandibular gland inflammation (61 %, 95 % CI: 49 %-72 %).
The most common late AEs were alopecia (72 %, 95 % CI: 61 %-82 %), fatigue (35 %), and pain (27 %, 95 % CI: 12 %-46 %).

📚systematic-review

Mao H et al. • International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics (2025)

“In this review, we integrate the latest studies to provide a comprehensive and detailed description of the direct and indirect mechanisms by which BNCT induces cell killing, as well as the subseque...”

Key Findings:

In this review, we integrate the latest studies to provide a comprehensive and detailed description of the direct and indirect mechanisms by which BNCT induces cell killing, as well as the subsequent cellular responses.
More importantly, we propose that BNCT exhibits a stronger immunologic foundation and immunogenicity than traditional radiation therapy, indicating significant potential for its combined application with immunotherapy.
These results offer a robust theoretical foundation for the future clinical use of BNCT and indicate that continued investigation of BNCT in conjunction with immunotherapy may pave the way for more advanced cancer treatment strategies.

📚systematic-reviewn=925

Compare with Others Find Based on Your Goals

Younous K et al. • International journal of radiation biology (2024)

“BNCT shows substantial promise as a treatment modality for multiple cancer types, offering potential benefits with acceptable safety profiles.”

Key Findings:

BNCT shows substantial promise as a treatment modality for multiple cancer types, offering potential benefits with acceptable safety profiles.
Nonetheless, further research is essential to refine its clinical application and ensure consistent safety and efficacy.
Further research warranted to confirm findings

View all 39+ studies

What would you like to do next?

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B8.5

Boron

mineral

Boron (as Boron Citrate/Glycinate)

Trace mineral that influences testosterone metabolism, strengthens bone density, and supports cognitive function — often deficient in modern diets.

immunitytestosteronebone healthmineralcognitive

39+ studies

Evidence

Reviewed 19 days ago

high

Safety

3-10mg

Dose

2-8 weeks

Time to Effect

Boron citrate or boron glycinate

Best Form

Mechanisms of Action

💪

SHBG Modulation

May reduce sex hormone binding globulin

🦴

Bone Metabolism

Supports calcium and vitamin D metabolism

Biological PathwayBeta

How Boron works — from molecular targets to health outcomes. Click an edge to see supporting research.This visualization is in beta — pathways are being refined and expanded.

Supplement

Molecular Target

Biological Process

Health Outcome

Strong

Moderate

Emerging

strong

moderate

emerging

Tap node to isolate • Pinch to zoom • Tap edge for research

Recommended Dose

3-10mg

3mg20mg

Optimal Timing

With a meal

Take with food

Available Forms

Form	Type
💊Boron citrate or boron glycinate	Recommended
💊Boron from calcium fructoborate	Alternative

Various forms are well-absorbed. Often included in testosterone or bone support formulas.

Duration

Minimum: 2 weeks

Optimal: 8 weeks

Cycling: Not required

Note: Can be taken any time of day with food.

📈

Testosterone Support

May increase free testosterone

⏱️ 1-4 weeks

55% of users notice thispositive

🦴

Bone Health

Supports bone mineral density

📅 Ongoing

50% of users notice thispositive

High SafetyMax safe dose: 20mg/day (upper limit)

🔴

Pregnant/nursing

Safe at dietary levels; avoid high supplemental doses

Who Should NOT Take This

Hormone-sensitive conditions (as precaution)

Drug Interactions

No significant interactions knownmild

Generally safe with medications

Possible Side Effects

GI upset

mildrare

Tip: Take with food

Warnings

Stay within recommended doses — toxicity possible at very high levels
Benefits most pronounced if dietary intake is low

✦ Vitamin D3

enhances

Boron supports vitamin D metabolism

Enhanced vitamin D effectiveness and bone support

⟡ Magnesium

Both support bone and hormonal health

Comprehensive mineral support

⟡ Calcium

Boron reduces urinary calcium excretion and supports estrogen and vitamin D metabolism, enhancing calcium retention.

Reduced calcium loss through urine and enhanced bone mineral retention

Top studies from 39+ peer-reviewed papers

📚systematic-review

Gui JY et al. • The Science of the total environment (2022)

“The regulatory mechanisms of Se on these micronutrients are also analyzed.”

Key Findings:

The regulatory mechanisms of Se on these micronutrients are also analyzed.
Based on the current understanding of the interaction between Se and these essential elements, future directions for research are suggested.

📚systematic-reviewn=29

Heffernan SM et al. • Nutrients (2019)

“PROSPERO preregistered (CRD42018090502).”

Key Findings:

Approximately 50% of athletes have reported consuming some form of micronutrient supplement; however, there is limited data confirming their efficacy for improving performance.
Only Iron and Magnesium included articles of sufficient quality to be assigned as 'strong'.
Currently, there is little evidence to support the use of MTE supplementation to improve physiological markers of athletic performance, with the possible exception of Iron (in particular, biological situations) and Magnesium as these currently have the strongest quality evidence.
Regardless, some MTEs may possess the potential to improve athletic performance, but more high quality research is required before support for these MTEs can be given.

📚meta-analysisn=361

Sun X et al. • Critical reviews in oncology/hematology (2026)

“BNCT has shown favorable efficacy and safety in LRHNC.”

Key Findings:

The ORR was 70 % (95 % CI: 65 %-75 %; P = 0.8187) and the 2-year OS rate was 45 % (95 % CI: 39 %-50 %; P < 0.0001).
The ORR of patients with non-squamous cell carcinoma (NSCC) was higher than those with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) (82 % vs. 72 %), while the 2-year OS rates were similar (50 % vs. 49 %).
The most frequent acute AEs included hyperamylasemia (75 %, 95 % CI: 70 %-80 %), alopecia (61 %, 95 % CI: 55 %-67 %), and submandibular gland inflammation (61 %, 95 % CI: 49 %-72 %).
The most common late AEs were alopecia (72 %, 95 % CI: 61 %-82 %), fatigue (35 %), and pain (27 %, 95 % CI: 12 %-46 %).

📚systematic-review

Mao H et al. • International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics (2025)

“In this review, we integrate the latest studies to provide a comprehensive and detailed description of the direct and indirect mechanisms by which BNCT induces cell killing, as well as the subseque...”

Key Findings:

In this review, we integrate the latest studies to provide a comprehensive and detailed description of the direct and indirect mechanisms by which BNCT induces cell killing, as well as the subsequent cellular responses.
More importantly, we propose that BNCT exhibits a stronger immunologic foundation and immunogenicity than traditional radiation therapy, indicating significant potential for its combined application with immunotherapy.
These results offer a robust theoretical foundation for the future clinical use of BNCT and indicate that continued investigation of BNCT in conjunction with immunotherapy may pave the way for more advanced cancer treatment strategies.

📚systematic-reviewn=925

Compare with Others Find Based on Your Goals

Younous K et al. • International journal of radiation biology (2024)

“BNCT shows substantial promise as a treatment modality for multiple cancer types, offering potential benefits with acceptable safety profiles.”

Key Findings:

BNCT shows substantial promise as a treatment modality for multiple cancer types, offering potential benefits with acceptable safety profiles.
Nonetheless, further research is essential to refine its clinical application and ensure consistent safety and efficacy.
Further research warranted to confirm findings

View all 39+ studies

What would you like to do next?

Related Supplements

Zn9.0

Zinc

Involved in 300+ enzymatic reactions — supports immune defense, testosterone production, wound healing, and sleep quality.

Si9.0

Soy Isoflavones

Plant compounds with weak estrogenic effects that support menopausal symptoms, bone health, and cardiovascular function.

Fen7.5

Fenugreek

Traditional herb with evidence for supporting testosterone, libido, blood sugar control, and lactation.

I3C7.5

Indole-3-Carbinol