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Emp4.5

Empagliflozin Research

Mostly mechanism / observational

588 peer-reviewed studies

What the evidence says

Mostly mechanism / observational

Most Empagliflozin studies are mechanism or observational rather than RCTs that measure a clinical effect — keep findings provisional.

Most evidence is from high-quality meta-analyses and randomised trials published 2012–2026 with a typical study size of 190 participants.

Based on 588 studies · 154 meta-analyses · 404 RCTs · 40,933 total participants

Confidence

High confidence

By outcome

Cardiovascular & heart failureEMPA-REG reduced cardiovascular death and all-cause mortality in high-risk diabetics; reduced heart-failure hospitalization including in non-diabetics · Months to years
Mostly mechanism / observational307 studies
Aging & healthspan (emerging)
Mostly mechanism / observational23 studies
Safety profile
Mostly mechanism / observational6 studies

Active research area

411 studies in the last 5 years · Latest meta-analysis: 2026

201220192026

1Meta-Analysis2026

Staplin N, Roddick AJ, Neuen BL, Anker SD, Bhatt DL, Butler J · JAMA (2026)

Empagliflozin Research

Mostly mechanism / observational

Effects of Sodium Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors by Diabetes Status and Level of Albuminuria: A Meta-Analysis.

SGLT2 inhibitors versus DPP-4 inhibitors and dementia risk in type 2 diabetes: A meta-analysis of cohort studies.

SGLT2 Inhibitors and Kidney Outcomes by Glomerular Filtration Rate and Albuminuria: A Meta-Analysis.

Real-World Effectiveness of SGLT2 Inhibitors Across Heart Failure Phenotypes: A Meta-Analysis.

Beyond insulin therapy: Comparing relative benefits of adding SGLT2 versus DPP4 inhibitors in poorly controlled type 2 diabetic patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Gastric Neoplasm Risk with DPP-4 Inhibitors, GLP-1 Receptor Agonists, and SGLT2 Inhibitors: Network Meta-Analysis of Randomized Trials.

Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors and risk of diabetic retinopathy in type 2 diabetes: a network meta-analysis of randomised clinical trials.

Therapeutic impact of SGLT2 inhibitors following transcatheter aortic valve implantation: a grade-assessed systematic review and meta-analysis.

Safety of SGLT-2 inhibitors in patients with glycogen storage disease type Ib and their efficacy in treating disease-associated digestive symptoms and disorders.

A Meta-Analysis of Body Composition Changes Associated With Long-term Use of Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors.

Impact of SGLT2 Inhibitors on Mortality Across Different Populations: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Role SGLT2 inhibitor therapy in patients with transthyretin cardiac amyloidosis: a GRADE assessed systematic review and meta-analysis.

Effect of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors on fracture risk in patients with type 1 diabetes receiving insulin-based therapy: a meta-analysis.

Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors in Diabetic Solid Organ Transplant Recipients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Comparative Studies.

Agent- and Dose-Specific Intestinal Obstruction Safety of GLP-1 Receptor Agonists and SGLT2 Inhibitors: A Network Meta-Analysis of Randomized Trials.

Efficacy and Safety of Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors in Heart Transplant Recipients: A Systematic Review and Meta-analyses.

Renal Protection at a Metabolic Cost: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Perioperative Use of Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors.

Efficacy and safety of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors in the treatment of diabetic kidney disease: a meta-analysis.

Efficacy and safety of 11 sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors at different dosages in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients inadequately controlled with metformin: a Bayesian network meta-analysis.

Safety and efficacy of early initiation of sodium-glucose co-transporter inhibitors 2 in patients hospitalized for acute heart failure: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.