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L-Ergothioneine
Novel 'longevity vitamin' antioxidant found in mushrooms that accumulates in cells under oxidative stress — emerging longevity compound.
What the evidence says
Ergothioneine helped in about half (2/3) of the studies that measured an effect — promising, but not unanimous.
Most evidence is from high-quality meta-analyses and randomised trials published 2006–2026 with a typical study size of 20 participants.
Based on 32 studies · 2 meta-analyses · 7 RCTs · 45,206 total participants
Confidence
HighWhat the studies found
By outcome
Ergothioneine has an evidence score of 8/10 — strong evidence based on 32 indexed studies, including 2 meta-analyses. Novel 'longevity vitamin' antioxidant found in mushrooms that accumulates in cells under oxidative stress — emerging longevity compound.
The commonly studied dose of Ergothioneine is 5-25mg daily. Research points to an estimated optimal dose around 20mg, with a minimum effective dose near 10mg. Individual response varies — start low and adjust.
Timing is flexible for Ergothioneine — consistent daily use matters more than the time of day. Ergothioneine is absorbed via the specific OCTN1 transporter (SLC22A4) in the intestine.
Nicotinamide Riboside
Mostly mechanism / observationalA vitamin B3 precursor that efficiently raises cellular NAD+ levels, supporting energy metabolism, mitochondrial function, and healthy aging.
Alpha Lipoic Acid
Likely helpsUniversal antioxidant that works in both water and fat, supporting blood sugar control, nerve health, and cellular energy.
Last reviewed May 2026 · evidence from 39 studies · how we score
This information is for educational purposes only. It is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider before starting, stopping, or changing any supplement or medication.
Ergothioneine is a unique amino acid antioxidant produced by fungi and certain bacteria, not by humans. The body has a dedicated transporter (OCTN1) that concentrates it in tissues under oxidative stress. Some researchers propose it as a longevity vitamin. Found primarily in mushrooms, it protects mitochondria and has been linked to reduced cognitive decline and mortality in observational studies.
Protects cells from oxidative damage
Concentrates in and protects mitochondria
Body actively concentrates it where needed
How Ergothioneine works — from molecular targets to health outcomes. Click an edge to see supporting research.This visualization is in beta — pathways are being refined and expanded.
Tap node to isolate • Pinch to zoom • Tap edge for research
5-25mg daily
Can be taken without food
| Form | Type |
|---|---|
| 💊Synthetic L-ergothioneine capsules | Recommended |
| 💊Mushroom extracts (lower content) | Alternative |
| 💊Fermented production | Alternative |
Pure ergothioneine supplements provide consistent dosing. Mushrooms vary in content (king trumpet/oyster highest).
Minimum: 4 weeks
Optimal: 12 weeks
Cycling: Not required
Note: Stable compound that can be taken any time.
Evidence primarily from systematic reviews of in vitro studies and observational data. Most antioxidant effects well-established in laboratory settings but limited direct human RCT data for cellular protection endpoints.
Reduced oxidative damage
Potential brain protection
Generally considered very safe; found naturally in diet
May interact with anticonvulsants; consult healthcare provider
Theoretical interaction; both use organic cation transporters
Antioxidants may theoretically interfere with oxidative stress-based treatments; consult oncologist
May potentially affect efficacy; limited research available
Tip: N/A
Ergothioneine is generally well-tolerated and considered safe for most healthy adults at recommended doses. The most commonly reported side effects are none established. Use caution if any of these apply to you: Known allergy or hypersensitivity to Ergothioneine or related compounds.
Resveratrol
Likely helpsPolyphenol found in red wine and grapes, studied for its potential anti-aging and cardiovascular benefits through sirtuin activation.