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Gnr4.0
Gonadorelin Research
Too few graded studies
70 peer-reviewed studies
What the evidence says
Too few graded studies
Gonadorelin doesn't have enough studies with structured effect-size data yet to pool a verdict. Browse the studies below for individual findings.
Most evidence is from high-quality meta-analyses and randomised trials published 1976–2026 with a typical study size of 76 participants.
Based on 70 studies · 15 meta-analyses · 28 RCTs · 2,014 total participants
Confidence
High confidence
By outcome
GnRH axis, gonadotropins & diagnostic testing
Too few graded studies45 studies
Fertility & ovulation inductionPump-delivered pulsatile GnRH reliably induces ovulation and pregnancy in hypothalamic amenorrhea; pulsatile GnRH induces spermatogenesis in hypogonadotropic men · Weeks to months
Too few graded studies28 studies
Women's health
Mostly mechanism / observational14 studies
Men's vitality & testicular function
Too few graded studies13 studies
Safety profile
Too few graded studies5 studies
Active research area
33 studies in the last 5 years · Latest meta-analysis: 2026
197620012026
1Meta-Analysis2025
In plain English: Short GnRH antagonist protocols may reduce OHSS rates in women with predicted normal response without compromising LBR or OPR.
Melo P, Eapen A, Chung Y, Jeve Y, Price MJ, Sunkara SK, Macklon NS, Khalaf Y, Tobias A, Broekmans FJ, Khairy MK, Gallos ID, Coomarasamy A. · The Cochrane database of systematic reviews (2025)
We presented effect estimates as risk ratios (RR) for dichotomous outcomes, or mean difference (MD) for continuous outcomes, with 95% confidence intervals (CI).
Short GnRH antagonist protocols In women with predicted high response receiving short GnRH antagonist protocols, hMG may reduce OHSS compared with rFSH (RR 0.45, 95% CI 0.3 to 0.68; 1 study, 619 women; low-certainty evidence).
Cancellation Short GnRH antagonist protocols In women with predicted high response undergoing short GnRH antagonist protocols, hMG may increase cancellation compared with rFSH (RR 5.98, 95% CI 1.78 to 20.10; 1 study, 619 women; low-certainty evidence).
In plain English: Hormonal suppression for endometriosis treatment is associated with a decrease in BMD after 12 months of use, with each medical therapy having a unique effect.
Desilets J, Lakabi R, Olsthoorn A, Matelski J, Walsh C, Murji A, Miazga E. · Obstetrics and gynecology (2026)
Tabulation, integration, and results Pooled analysis of GnRH agonist showed a decrease in BMD at 6 months (-0.89%, 95% CI, -1.45 to -0.33, I2 =20.3%, 11 studies) and at 12 months (-1.50%, 95% CI, -2.68 to -0.31, I2 =40.5%, four studies).
Subgroup analysis by GnRH agonist type decreased heterogeneity and showed that at 6 months both leuprolide (-1.33%, 95% CI, -1.92 to -0.74, I2 =0%, six studies) and goserelin (-0.42%, 95% CI, -1.00 to 0.16, I2 =11%, five studies) with add-back decreased BMD.
Dienogest was associated with lower BMD at 6 months (-0.83%, 95% CI, -1.52 to -0.15, I2 =76.8%, six studies) and 12 months (-1.91%, 95% CI, -2.58 to -1.24.
In plain English: These findings suggest that dienogest combined with GnRH-a can improve therapeutic outcomes for adenomyosis, while also highlighting increased obstetric risks associated with the condition.
Wang Y, Wang X, Zhang L. · Medicine (2025)
Results showed that compared to monotherapy, the combination of dienogest and GnRH-a significantly improved visual analogue scale scores, hemoglobin levels, CA-125 levels, and uterine volume, with no significant difference in adverse event rates.
A systematic search was conducted for relevant studies published up to 2024, with 5 studies involving 520 patients included in the meta-analysis.
Additionally, 11 studies with 15,015 participants analyzed obstetric risk factors, revealing that women with adenomyosis had significantly higher risks of spontaneous abortion, premature rupture of membranes, preterm birth, small-for-gestational-age fetuses, and cesarean section.
In plain English: This review found that GnRH agonists without add-back improved global symptoms of premenstrual syndrome.
Naheed B, Kuiper JH, O'Mahony F, O'Brien PM. · The Cochrane database of systematic reviews (2025)
Background Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is a psychological and somatic disorder affecting 20% to 30% of women of reproductive age.
GnRH agonists (without add-back) versus placebo GnRH agonists (without add-back) improve global symptoms compared to placebo (SMD -1.23, 95% CI -1.76 to -0.71; 9 RCTs, 173 women, effective sample size 278; I 2 = 72%; high-certainty evidence).
GnRH agonists may increase the risk of menopausal side effects compared to placebo (RR 1.93, 95% CI 0.83 to 4.48; 2 RCTs, 23 women, effective sample size 31; low-certainty evidence).
Li D, Zheng L, Zhang X, Wang W, Zhang J, Fu L. · Scientific reports (2026)
For live birth rate, limited evidence from four RCTs suggested a higher rate in the general protocol than in the GnRH-a protocol (RR [95% CI], 2.12 [1.05, 4.31]), but this finding should be interpreted cautiously because of imprecision.
The number of retrieved oocytes was significantly higher in the general protocol than in the DNG protocol (MD [95% CI], 0.60 [0.24, 0.97]).
The GnRH-a protocol (MD [95% CI], -2.11 [-2.94, -1.28]) and the general protocol (MD [95% CI], -2.45 [-3.50, -1.40]) were associated with lower gonadotropin doses than the DNG protocol.