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Ltp4.5
Lactotripeptides Research
Mostly mechanism / observationalHigh safety
12 peer-reviewed studies
What the evidence says
Mostly mechanism / observational
Most Lactotripeptides studies are mechanism or observational rather than RCTs that measure a clinical effect — keep findings provisional.
Most evidence is from mixed-quality meta-analyses and randomised trials published 2005–2015 with a typical study size of 135 participants.
Based on 12 studies · 7 meta-analyses · 3 RCTs · 334 total participants
Confidence
High
By outcome
Heart & blood pressureSmall average SBP/DBP reduction in meta-analyses (~2-5 mmHg systolic), with substantial heterogeneity, publication-bias concerns, and larger effects in Japanese than in Western trials; benefit concentrates in (pre)hypertensive people, not normotensives · 4-8 weeks
Mostly mechanism / observational12 studies
Safety profile
Too few graded studies1 study
Older research base
Newest study from 2015 · Latest meta-analysis: 2015
200520102015
1Meta-Analysis2015
The pooled treatment effect for SBP was -2.95 mmHg (95% CI: -4.17, -1.73; p < 0.001), and for DBP was -1.51 mmHg... Both publication bias and 'small-study effect' were identified.
Fekete ÁA, Givens DI, Lovegrove JA. · Nutrients (2015)
Comprehensive meta-analysis of 30 RCTs (33 data sets) of lactotripeptides on blood pressure
Pooled SBP reduction -2.95 mmHg and DBP reduction -1.51 mmHg, both statistically significant
Reduction was significantly greater in Japanese than European studies
There are small reductions in both systolic BP and diastolic BP with the pooled mean effects of 1.66 ... and 0.76 mmHg ... in response to LTP administration.
The decrease in SBP with IPP/VPP was 1.28 mm Hg (95% CI, -2.09 to -0.48, P = 0.0017) ... no evidence in the meta-analysis of any publication bias or of heterogeneity.
Cicero AF, Aubin F, Azais-Braesco V, et al. · Am J Hypertens (2013)
PRISMA-compliant meta-analysis of 14 trials (15 data sets, n=1306) limited to European subjects
Statistically significant but small SBP reduction of -1.28 mmHg and DBP -0.59 mmHg
No evidence of publication bias or heterogeneity in this European-only analysis
The overall blood pressure lowering for systolic blood pressure was -4.0 mmHg ... and for diastolic blood pressure -1.9 mmHg ... However, a positive effect was not reported in all the studies.
Turpeinen AM, Järvenpää S, Kautiainen H, et al. · Ann Med (2013)
Random-effects meta-analysis of 19 placebo-controlled trials (~1500 prehypertensive/mildly hypertensive subjects)
Pooled SBP -4.0 mmHg and DBP -1.9 mmHg, both significant
Notes that a positive effect was not seen in all studies
Pooled effect of peptides was -5.13 mmHg ... for systolic blood pressure, and -2.42 mmHg ... for diastolic blood pressure. There were indications of publication bias for diastolic blood pressure data.
Pripp AH. · Food Nutr Res (2008)
Meta-analysis of placebo-controlled trials of food-protein-derived peptides on BP, dominated by VPP/IPP
Pooled SBP -5.13 mmHg and DBP -2.42 mmHg
Indications of publication bias for the diastolic data
Effective dosages of lactotripeptides range from 3.07 to 52.5 mg/d. Evidence indicates that lactotripeptides are only effective at elevated blood pressure.
Boelsma E, Kloek J. · Br J Nutr (2009)
Critical review of human blood-pressure evidence for lactotripeptides
BP-lowering typically measured after 4-6 weeks, with maximal effect at ~8-12 weeks
Effective dose range ~3-52.5 mg/day; effect seen only at elevated BP, not in normotensives