1Meta-Analysis2019
Tarry-Adkins JL, Aiken CE, Ozanne SE · PLoS Med (2019)
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1,002 peer-reviewed studies
What the evidence says
Most Metformin studies are mechanism or observational rather than RCTs that measure a clinical effect — keep findings provisional.
Most evidence is from high-quality meta-analyses and randomised trials published 1998–2026 with a typical study size of 365 participants.
Based on 1,000 studies · 371 meta-analyses · 574 RCTs · 260,155 total participants
Confidence
High confidenceBy outcome
599 studies in the last 5 years · Latest meta-analysis: 2026
Tarry-Adkins JL, Aiken CE, Ozanne SE · PLoS Med (2019)
Bahardoust M, Yarali M, Donyadideh G, Rahimi E, Naderi D, Tehrani FM · BMC Musculoskelet Disord (2023)
Simental-Mendia LE, Pirro M, Atkin SL, Banach M, Mikhailidis DP, Sahebkar A · Curr Pharm Des (2018)
Yu X, Li L, Xia L, Feng X, Chen F, Cao S · BMC Infect Dis (2019)
Kim CH, Chon SJ, Lee SH · Sci Rep (2020)
Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Shi X, Han J, Lin B, Peng W · Diabet Med (2022)
Meireles CG, Pereira SA, Valadares LP, Rêgo DF, Simeoni LA, Guerra ENS · Gynecol Oncol (2017)
Miao K, Zhou H · J Obstet Gynaecol Res (2022)
Moulton CD, Hopkins CWP, Ismail K, Stahl D · Psychoneuroendocrinology (2018)
Sakellariou XM, Kolettis TM, Nikas DN · Clin Med Res (2023)
Duan X, Zhou M, Zhou G, Zhu Q, Li W · Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol (2021)
Liang HL, Ma SJ, Xiao YN, Tan HZ · Medicine (Baltimore) (2017)
Harsoyo PM, Hermawan HO, Hariftyani AS, Shabrina FA, Paramitha AD, Desita SR · J Pak Med Assoc (2024)
Qian BB, Chen Q, Li L, Yan CF · Osteoporos Int (2020)
Zhong S, Wu Y, Yan X, Tang J, Zhao J · Indian J Cancer (2017)
Adamyan L, Pivazyan L, Isaeva S, Shapovalenko R, Zakaryan A · Arch Gynecol Obstet (2024)
Shi J, Liu B, Wang H, Zhang T, Yang L · Int J Gynecol Cancer (2019)
Chen Y, Li H, Ye Z, Găman MA, Tan SC, Zhu F · Eur J Pharmacol (2020)
Liu YS, Chen CN, Chen ZG, Peng Y, Lin XP, Xu LL · Diabetes Metab Res Rev (2020)
Wu L, Liu Y, Huang X, Lin K, Liu Y, Li Z · Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) (2023)