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Nac6.0
NAC Research
Likely helps
820 peer-reviewed studies
What the evidence says
Likely helps
NAC appears to help in 9 of 11 studies with measurable effects — the evidence leans clearly favourable.
Most evidence is from high-quality meta-analyses and randomised trials published 1982–2026 with a typical study size of 566 participants.
Based on 820 studies · 150 meta-analyses · 611 RCTs · 26,313 total participants
Confidence
High confidence
What the studies found
9helped2unclear· 809 more without graded effect data
2Progesterone levels in women with PCOSMeta-AnalysisCited 8×n=2,515 · very large study2025
NAC had a major effect on progesterone, endometrial thickness, and LH levels in women with PCOS.
Viña I et al. · Nutrients (2025)
Huge benefit
← WorseNo effectBetter →
Likely real
NAC was associated with a statistically significant increase in progesterone (SMD 0.95, 95% CI: 0.13-1.77, p = 0.02) and endometrial thickness (SMD 0.58, 95% CI: 0.10-1.06, p = 0.02) compared to the placebo and other drugs (SMD 0.71, 95% CI: 0.48-0.94, p < 0.0001).
LH levels were significantly increased by NAC compared to metformin (SMD 0.67, 95% CI: 0.23-1.12, p = 0.003).
NAC had a major effect on progesterone, endometrial thickness, and LH levels in women with PCOS.
3Incidence of anti-TB drug induced liver injuryMeta-AnalysisCited 12×n=3,423 · very large study2023
This meta-analysis examined the effects of NAC.
Akkahadsee P et al. · Scientific reports (2023)
Huge benefit
← WorseNo effectBetter →
The NMA indicated that supplementation of Turmeric plus Tinospora cordifolia (RR 0.07; 95% CI 0.02 to 0.28), and N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) (RR 0.09; 95% CI 0.01 to 0.75) significantly reduced the incidence of anti-TB DILI compared with placebo.
In addition, poly herbal product significantly reduced alkaline phosphatase (ALP) (MD - 21.80; 95% CI - 33.80 to - 9.80) and total bilirubin (Tbil) compared with placebo (MD - 0.51; 95% CI - 0.76 to - 0.26).
There was no statistically significant difference in the occurrence of AEs in any intervention.
5Substance use cravingsMeta-AnalysisCited 3×n=623 · large study2024
Addiction Biology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society for the Study of Addiction.
Winterlind EL et al. · Addiction biology (2024)
No clear effect
← WorseNo effectBetter →
The most targeted substance in the clinical trials was alcohol (3/9; 33.3%), followed by tobacco (2/9; 22.2%) and multiple substances (2/9; 22.2%).
NAC did not significantly outperform placebo in reducing symptoms of craving in the meta-analysis (SMD = 0.189, 95% CI = -0.015-0.393).
Heterogeneity was very high in the meta-analysis (99.26%), indicating that findings may have been influenced by clinical or methodological differences in the study protocols.
6H. pylori eradicationMeta-AnalysisCited 4×n=1,167 · large study2022
Adjuvant NAC plus standard treatment protocols are not superior to standard treatment protocols for H. pylori eradication.
Biswas DP et al. · Clinics and research in hepatology and gastroenterology (2022)
Adjuvant NAC plus standard treatment protocols are not superior to standard treatment protocols for H. pylori eradication.
These findings are consistent with the use of adjuvant NAC with 'currently used standard treatment protocols' (clarithromycin-based triple therapies) and also with adjuvant NAC used in the treatment of naïve patients.
7Recovery biomarkers (CK-MB)Meta-AnalysisCited 1×n=1,388 · large study2022
However, subgroup analyses based on NAC dosage indicated the meaningful effect of NAC on CK-MB at the dosage of ≥100 mg/kg.
Nejati M et al. · Journal of food biochemistry (2022)
PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Previous studies on the influence of NAC administration on recovery biomarkers have presented conflicting results.
This systematic review and meta-analysis offers a broad range of detailed information on the influence of chronic and acute NAC supplementation outcomes regarding recovery biomarkers.
Overall, the results support that NAC supplementation may not be effective in improving recovery biomarkers.
8Treatment of idiopathic asthenozoospermiaMeta-AnalysisCited 13×n=621 · large study2021
Moreover, NAC has a positive effect on sperm concentration and ejaculate volume, whereas no obvious effect was observed in serum hormones.
Wei G et al. · American journal of men's health (2021)
Likely real
Besides, NAC had a significantly greater increase in sperm concentration (p < .00001) and ejaculate volume (p = .002) compared with the placebo group, and there was no significant difference in LC/LAC.
For the analysis of serum hormones, NAC had no obvious differences in improving the serum testosterone, luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, and prolactin compared with non-treatment group.
Conclusively, LC/LAC and NAC showed a greater improvement in sperm motility and normal morphology.
9Disease activity in rheumatoid arthritisMeta-AnalysisCited 4×n=204 · medium study2024
Conclusion This meta-analysis demonstrated the efficacy of NAC in reducing inflammatory markers, improving joint tenderness, and swelling in patients with RA.
He T et al. · British journal of hospital medicine (London, England : 2005) (2024)
Noticeable benefit
← WorseNo effectBetter →
The results indicated that NAC alleviated disease activity in RA patients (Disease Activity Score 28-erythrocyte sedimentation rate (DAS28-ESR): mean difference (MD) = 0.54).