Nmn8.5

NMN Research

40 peer-reviewed studies · Evidence score: 8.5/10

Effects of Nicotinamide Mononucleotide Supplementation on Muscle and Liver Functions Among the Middle-aged and Elderly: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Wang JP et al. • Current pharmaceutical biotechnology (2025)

NMN has positive efficacy in enhancing muscle function, reducing insulin resistance and lowering aminotransferase levels in middle-aged and elderly individuals.

Based on changes in gait speed (SMD: 0.34 m/s, 95%CI [0.03, 0.66] p = 0.033), NMN had significant effects on muscle mass.
Moreover, NMN had a better effect on ALT (SMD: -0.29 IU/L, 95%CI [-0.55, -0.03] p = 0.028).
NMN has positive efficacy in enhancing muscle function, reducing insulin resistance and lowering aminotransferase levels in middle-aged and elderly individuals.

Meta-Analysisn=412

DOI

Effects of Nicotinamide Mononucleotide on Glucose and Lipid Metabolism in Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomised Controlled Trials

Chen F et al. • Current diabetes reports (2024)

Based on the small number of RCTs involving mainly relatively healthy adults, short-term supplementation of NMN of 250-2000 mg/d did not show significantly positive impacts on glucose control and lipid profile.

Meta-analysis examining NMN efficacy
Further research warranted to confirm findings

Meta-Analysisn=342

DOI

NAD+ therapy in age-related degenerative disorders: A benefit/risk analysis

Braidy N et al. • Experimental gerontology (2020)

Potential risks in raising NAD+ levels in various clinical disorders using NAD+ precursors include the accumulation of putative toxic metabolites, tumorigenesis and promotion of cellular senescence.

Potential risks in raising NAD+ levels in various clinical disorders using NAD+ precursors include the accumulation of putative toxic metabolites, tumorigenesis and promotion of cellular senescence.
Therefore, NAD+ metabolism represents a promising target and further studies are needed to recapitulate the preclinical benefits in human clinical trials.Crown

Systematic Reviewn=1,545

DOI

NMN supplementation as a strategy to improve oocyte quality: a systematic review and transcriptomic analysis

Noh H et al. • Journal of assisted reproduction and genetics (2026)

NMN supplementation shows improvements for oocyte function across diverse preclinical models.

NMN supplementation shows improvements for oocyte function across diverse preclinical models.
Human transcriptomic data further highlight mitochondrial and oxidative pathways as key regulatory points during oocyte maturation.
Standardised protocols and clinical trials are needed to evaluate NMN's translational potential in the context of human reproduction.

Systematic Review

DOI

The Effect of Nicotinamide Mononucleotide and Riboside on Skeletal Muscle Mass and Function: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Prokopidis K et al. • Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle (2025)

Current evidence does not support NMN and NR supplementation for preserving muscle mass and function in adults with mean age of over 60 years.

Current evidence does not support NMN and NR supplementation for preserving muscle mass and function in adults with mean age of over 60 years.
Future research should explore supplementation dosage, NAD+ baseline deficiency, and combined interventions.
Further research warranted to confirm findings

Meta-Analysis

DOI

Supplementation with NAD+ Precursors for Treating Alzheimer's Disease: A Metabolic Approach

Alghamdi M et al. • Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD (2024)

Results of preclinical and clinical studies confirm the potential benefits of NAD+ precursors for the treatment of AD.

Results of preclinical and clinical studies confirm the potential benefits of NAD+ precursors for the treatment of AD.
However, further clinical studies are required to confirm the increasingly important value of NAD+ precursors as effective pharmacological interventions in the clinic.
Further research warranted to confirm findings

Systematic Review

DOI

Exercise training upregulates intracellular nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase expression in humans: a systematic review with meta-analysis

Sun X et al. • Frontiers in public health (2023)

Exercise training is effective for increasing iNAMPT levels in skeletal muscles.

The overall effect size is 0.81, with a 95% confidence interval of 0.55 to 1.07.
Therefore, a random adult will have a 71.7% probability that iNAMPT will be up-regulated following exercise training.
In general, exercise training resulted in a 1.46-fold increase in iNAMPT.

Meta-Analysis

DOI

ACCURACY OF PLASMA FREE METANEPHRINES IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA AND PARAGANGLIOMA: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS

Chen Y et al. • Endocrine practice : official journal of the American College of Endocrinology and the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists (2017)

This meta-analysis suggested an effective value for combined plasma free MNs for the diagnosis of PPGL, but testing for MNs requires more standardization using tightly regulated studies.

This meta-analysis suggested an effective value for combined plasma free MNs for the diagnosis of PPGL, but testing for MNs requires more standardization using tightly regulated studies.
Further research warranted to confirm findings

Meta-Analysis

DOI

Acquired primary cutaneous ganglioneuroma with adipocytic metaplasia: "An end point of melanocytic 'maturation'?" a case report and meta-analysis with comparison to a cross-sectional study of neurotized melanocytic nevi

Li L et al. • The American Journal of dermatopathology (2011)

CGN and NMN are neural crest stem cell-derived tumors that exhibit overlapping and unique phenotypic traits.

CGN and NMN are neural crest stem cell-derived tumors that exhibit overlapping and unique phenotypic traits.
Further research warranted to confirm findings

Meta-Analysis

DOI

The efficacy and safety of β-nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) supplementation in healthy middle-aged adults: a randomized, multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, dose-dependent clinical trial

Yi L et al. • GeroScience (2023)

This rct examined the effects of NMN.

Statistical analysis was performed using the Per Protocol analysis with significant level set at p = 0.05.
Blood NAD concentrations were statistically significantly increased among all NMN-treated groups at day 30 and day 60 when compared to both placebo and baseline (all p ≤ 0.001).
Walking distance increase during the six-minute walking test was statistically significantly higher in the 300 mg, 600 mg, and 900 mg groups compared to placebo at both days 30 and 60 (all p < 0.01), with longest walking distances measured in the 600 mg and 900 mg groups.

RCTn=80

DOI

Effect of 12-Week Intake of Nicotinamide Mononucleotide on Sleep Quality, Fatigue, and Physical Performance in Older Japanese Adults: A Randomized, Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Study

Kim M et al. • Nutrients (2022)

These findings suggest the potential of NMN in preventing loss of physical performance and improving fatigue in older adults.

Significant interactions were observed between 5-STS and drowsiness. 5-STS of all groups on post-intervention and drowsiness of the NMN_PM and Placebo_PM groups on mid- and post-intervention showed significant improvement compared with those in pre-intervention.
The NMN_PM group demonstrated the largest effect size for 5-STS (d = 0.72) and drowsiness (d = 0.64).
Overall, NMN intake in the afternoon effectively improved lower limb function and reduced drowsiness in older adults.

RCTn=108

DOI

Ingestion of β-nicotinamide mononucleotide increased blood NAD levels, maintained walking speed, and improved sleep quality in older adults in a double-blind randomized, placebo-controlled study

Morifuji M et al. • GeroScience (2024)

The Author(s), under exclusive licence to American Aging Association.

No adverse effects related to test substance consumption were observed.
Together, these results indicate that NMN intake could increase blood NAD + levels, maintain walking speed, and improve sleep quality in older adults.
Interventions involving NMN aimed at maintaining walking speed could contribute to extended healthy life expectancy.

RCTn=60

DOI

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide metabolism and arterial stiffness after long-term nicotinamide mononucleotide supplementation: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial

Katayoshi T et al. • Scientific reports (2023)

This rct examined the effects of NMN.

Long-term NMN supplementation at 250 mg/day was well tolerated and did not cause adverse events.
NMN safely and effectively elevated NAD+ metabolism in healthy middle-aged adults.
Additionally, NMN supplementation showed potential in alleviating arterial stiffness.

RCTn=36

DOI

Anti-inflammatory effects of nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) in human skeletal muscle after BFR-exercise

Yang DL et al. • Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition (2026)

NMN supplementation, while inhibiting inflammatory signaling in exercised human skeletal muscle, may also suppress mitochondrial replenishment from phagocytes to repairing myofibers.

BFR-exercise increased the mitochondrial content in exercised muscle by 171% after 24 h of recovery.
NMN supplementation, while inhibiting inflammatory signaling in exercised human skeletal muscle, may also suppress mitochondrial replenishment from phagocytes to repairing myofibers.
Further research warranted to confirm findings

RCTn=11

DOI

The differential impact of three different NAD(+) boosters on circulatory NAD and microbial metabolism in humans

Christen S et al. • Nature metabolism (2026)

This rct examined the effects of NMN.

Ultimately, we propose a gut-dependent model for the modes of action of the three NAD+ precursors with NR and NMN elevating circulatory NAD+ via the Preiss-Handler pathway, while rapidly absorbed Nam acutely affects NAD+ levels via the salvage pathway.
Overall, these results indicate a dual effect of NR and NMN and their microbially produced metabolite NA: a sustained increase in systemic NAD+ levels and a potent modulator of gut health.
ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT05517122 .

RCTn=65

DOI

The acute effect of different NAD(+) precursors included in the combined metabolic activators

Li X et al. • Free radical biology & medicine (2023)

We observed that incorporation of nicotinamide (Nam) in the CMAs can boost the NAD+ products, followed by niacin (NA), nicotinamide riboside (NR) and nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN), but not flus...

We observed that incorporation of nicotinamide (Nam) in the CMAs can boost the NAD+ products, followed by niacin (NA), nicotinamide riboside (NR) and nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN), but not flush free niacin (FFN).
In addition, the NA administration led to a flushing reaction, accompanied by decreased phospholipids and increased bilirubin and bilirubin derivatives, which could be potentially risky.
In conclusion, this study provided a plasma metabolomic landscape of different CMA formulations, and proposed that CMAs with Nam, NMN as well as NR can be administered for boosting NAD+ levels to improve altered metabolic conditions.

RCT

DOI

MIB-626, an Oral Formulation of a Microcrystalline Unique Polymorph of β-Nicotinamide Mononucleotide, Increases Circulating Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide and its Metabolome in Middle-Aged and Older Adults

Pencina KM et al. • The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences (2023)

MIB-626 1 000 mg once-daily or twice-daily regimens were safe and associated with substantial dose-related increases in blood NAD levels and its metabolome.

MIB-626 1 000 mg once-daily or twice-daily regimens were safe and associated with substantial dose-related increases in blood NAD levels and its metabolome.
These foundational data that were obtained using a pharmaceutical-grade βNMN, standardized sample collection, and validated liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry assays, should facilitate design of efficacy trials in disease conditions.
Further research warranted to confirm findings

RCT

DOI

Surgical outcomes of a randomized controlled trial compared robotic versus laparoscopic adrenalectomy for pheochromocytoma

Ma W et al. • European journal of surgical oncology : the journal of the European Society of Surgical Oncology and the British Association of Surgical Oncology (2020)

Both RA and LA for pheochromocytoma are safe and effective.

Both RA and LA for pheochromocytoma are safe and effective.
Patients with high NMN can benefit from less blood loss and operative time when a robotic surgery system was used, but RA has a significant higher cost.
Further research warranted to confirm findings

RCTn=140

DOI

Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Augmentation in Overweight or Obese Middle-Aged and Older Adults: A Physiologic Study

Pencina KM et al. • The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism (2023)

MIB-626 administration in overweight or obese, middle-aged and older adults safely increased circulating NAD levels, and significantly reduced total LDL and non-HDL cholesterol, body weight, and diastolic blood pressure.

MIB-626 administration in overweight or obese, middle-aged and older adults safely increased circulating NAD levels, and significantly reduced total LDL and non-HDL cholesterol, body weight, and diastolic blood pressure.
These data provide the rationale for larger trials to assess the efficacy of NAD augmentation in improving cardiometabolic outcomes in older adults.
Further research warranted to confirm findings

RCTn=30

DOI

Effects of nicotinamide mononucleotide on older patients with diabetes and impaired physical performance: A prospective, placebo-controlled, double-blind study

Akasaka H et al. • Geriatrics & gerontology international (2023)

In older male patients with diabetes and impaired physical performance, NMN supplementation for 24 weeks was safe, but did not improve grip strength and walking speed.

In older male patients with diabetes and impaired physical performance, NMN supplementation for 24 weeks was safe, but did not improve grip strength and walking speed.
Geriatr Gerontol Int 2023; 23: 38-43.
Further research warranted to confirm findings

RCTn=14

DOI

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