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Pn4.5
Pregnenolone – Forschung
Hilft wahrscheinlich
36 begutachtete Studien
Was die Evidenz sagt
Hilft wahrscheinlich
Pregnenolone scheint in 3 von 4 Studien mit messbaren Effekten zu helfen — die Evidenz tendiert klar ins Positive.
Die meiste Evidenz stammt aus hochwertigen Meta-Analysen und randomisierten Studien, veröffentlicht 1992–2025 mit einer typischen Studiengröße von 55 Teilnehmenden.
Basierend auf 36 Studien · 3 Meta-Analysen · 20 RCTs · 4,811 Teilnehmende insgesamt
Konfidenz
Hohe Konfidenz
Was die Studien gefunden haben
3geholfen1unklar· 32 weitere ohne bewertete Effektdaten
Nach Outcome
Therapeutic & clinical
Hilft wahrscheinlich35 Studien
Cognitive functionNeurosteroid, das für die Kognition untersucht wird; Gedächtnisnutzen bei gesunden Menschen nicht belegt · 2-8 weeks
Überwiegend Mechanismus / Beobachtung10 Studien
Anxiety & stressGABAerger Mechanismus; angstlösender Nutzen bei gesunden Menschen nicht nachgewiesen · 2-4 weeks · Plausible Rolle im Gleichgewicht der Stresshormone, aber bei gesunden Erwachsenen nicht belegt · 4-8 weeks
Überwiegend Mechanismus / Beobachtung6 Studien
Substance-use & cravings
Überwiegend Mechanismus / Beobachtung6 Studien
Depression & moodBescheidene, uneinheitliche Stimmungseffekte in kleinen psychiatrischen Studien; für die allgemeine Stimmung nicht belegt · 2-4 weeks
Überwiegend Mechanismus / Beobachtung4 Studien
Women's healthVorgeschalteter Hormonvorläufer; Effekte auf das Hormongleichgewicht sind unvorhersehbar und nicht belegt · 4-8 weeks
Überwiegend Mechanismus / Beobachtung4 Studien
Men's vitalityVorgeschalteter Hormonvorläufer; nachgelagerte Effekte sind unvorhersehbar und der Nutzen ist nicht belegt · 4-8 weeks
Überwiegend Mechanismus / Beobachtung3 Studien
Safety profile
Zu wenige bewertete Studien2 Studien
Pain & analgesia
Zu wenige bewertete Studien1 Studie
In Zahlen
Aus 19 Studien mit messbaren Effekten gezogen
Wahrscheinlich echte Effekte
60%
über Studien hinweg
Untersuchte Personen
4,811
typische Studie: 55 Personen
Stärkste Designs
23
3 gepoolt, 20 randomisiert
Zeigte Nutzen
75%
3/4 Studien
Wie lange Studien liefen
1–3 Monate
3
Untersuchte Populationen
Patients with schizophrenia4
Women with schizophrenia2
Patients with schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder2
Bipolar disorder patients1
Aktives Forschungsgebiet
13 Studien in den letzten 5 Jahren · Neueste Meta-Analyse: 2019
199220082025
1Anti-inflammatory adjuvant therapy efficacy vs antipsychotics aloneMeta-Analysen=2,914 · very large study2019
Einfach gesagt: The comparative evaluation of efficacy and safety supported the use of anti-inflammatory adjuvant therapy over the use of antipsychotics alone.
Cho M et al. · The Australian and New Zealand journal of psychiatry (2019)
The comparative evaluation of efficacy and safety supported the use of anti-inflammatory adjuvant therapy over the use of antipsychotics alone.
However, future studies could focus on patients with homogeneous clinical profile to figure out more detailed effects of anti-inflammatory therapy.
2Total symptoms improvement with estrogen actionMeta-Analysen=1,149 · large study2015
Einfach gesagt: Estrogens and SERMs could be effective augmentation strategies in the treatment of women with schizophrenia, although potential side effects, partially associated with longer duration use, should be taken into account.
Heringa SM et al. · Schizophrenia research (2015)
Groß Nutzen
← SchlechterKein EffektBesser →
Likely real
Significant effects were found for estrogen action (k=10), regarding total symptoms (Hedges' g=0.63, p=0.001), positive (Hedges' g=0.42, p<0.001), and negative symptoms (Hedges' g=0.35, p=0.001).
Testosterone augmentation in males (k=1) was beneficial only for negative symptoms (Hedges' g=0.82, p=0.027).
Estrogens and SERMs could be effective augmentation strategies in the treatment of women with schizophrenia, although potential side effects, partially associated with longer duration use, should be taken into account.
3Aspirin effect size for schizophrenia symptomsMeta-Analysen=270 · medium study2019
Einfach gesagt: Some, but not all agents with anti-inflammatory properties showed efficacy.
Çakici N et al. · Psychological medicine (2019)
Spürbar Nutzen
← SchlechterKein EffektBesser →
The results of aspirin [mean weighted effect size (ES): 0.30; n = 270; 95% CI (CI) 0.06-0.54], estrogens (ES: 0.78; n = 723; CI 0.36-1.19), minocycline (ES: 0.40; n = 946; CI 0.11-0.68), and NAC (ES: 1.00; n = 442; CI 0.60-1.41) were significant in meta-analysis of at least two studies.
Some, but not all agents with anti-inflammatory properties showed efficacy.
Effective agents were aspirin, estrogens, minocycline, and NAC.
4Non-dopaminergic treatment efficacy for schizophrenia symptomsSystematische Übersicht2024
Einfach gesagt: Compared to the placebo, ulotaront, xanomeline/trospium chloride, vabicaserin, bitopertin, estradiol, cannabidiol, rimonabant, and D-serine showed efficacy for positive symptoms; roluperidone and pimavanserin were effective for negative symptoms; and encenicline, tropisetron, pregnenolone, tolcapone, BI 425809, and valacyclovir improved cognitive function.
6Cognitive improvement in major mood disorders and schizophreniaSystematische Übersichtn=12 · very small study2018
Einfach gesagt: Positive trials were found for BD (mifepristone), MDD (dehydroepiandrosterone and fludrocortisone) and schizophrenia (dehydroepiandrosterone, raloxifene and pregnenolone).
Soria V et al. · Psychoneuroendocrinology (2018)
Positive trials were found for BD (mifepristone), MDD (dehydroepiandrosterone and fludrocortisone) and schizophrenia (dehydroepiandrosterone, raloxifene and pregnenolone).
The use of drugs targeting hormones related to the HPA axis and sex steroids is a promising field of research that might help to improve the cognitive outcome of patients with schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and major depressive disorder in the near future.
7neuroactive steroid effects in Parkinson's diseaseÜbersicht2024
Einfach gesagt: Thus it might be useful to target different cellular mechanisms that contribute to neuronal loss and neuroactive steroids provide therapeutics options as they have multiple mechanisms of action.
Bourque M, Morissette M, Di Paolo T. · Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews (2024)
Here, we review the effect on sex hormones (estrogen, androgen, progesterone and its metabolites) as well as androstenediol, pregnenolone and dehydroepiandrosterone) in human studies and in animal models of PD.
The effect of neuroactive steroids is reviewed by considering sex and hormonal status to help identify specifically for women and men with PD what might be a preventive approach or a symptomatic treatment.
PD is a complex disease and the pathogenesis likely involves multiple cellular processes.
Einfach gesagt: This review uniquely highlights the paradigm shift offered by neurosteroids, moving beyond the traditional monoamine hypothesis, and positions them as novel, multi-target therapeutics capable of addressing the complex neurobiology of TRD.
Nagpurkar K, Ghive P, Kale M, Nistane N, Taksande B, Umekar M, Trivedi R. · Neuroscience (2025)
However, challenges such as limited bioavailability, long-term safety concerns, and regulatory hurdles must be addressed to optimize their clinical application.
This review explores the therapeutic potential of neurosteroids in TRD, discussing their mechanisms, clinical evidence, and future directions.
The findings support the integration of neurosteroid-based treatments into TRD management, offering new hope for patients unresponsive to conventional antidepressants.
Einfach gesagt: Additionally, we discuss the impact of pharmacological interventions targeting 5α reductase activity in neuropsychiatric conditions characterized by excessive activation of the dopaminergic system, ranging from psychotic (endo)phenotypes and motor complications to decision-making problems and addiction.
Scheggi S, Concas L, Corsi S, Carta M, Melis M, Frau R. · Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews (2024)
Specifically, subclasses of Neuro(active)steroids belonging to the 5α reductase pathway are prominently involved in brain disorders characterized by dopaminergic signaling imbalances.
This review highlights the neuromodulatory effects of Neuro(active)steroids on the dopamine system and related aberrant behavioral phenotypes.
We critically appraise the role of pregnenolone, progesterone, and allopregnanolone on dopamine signaling.
Kardashev A, Ratner Y, Ritsner MS · Clin Schizophr Relat Psychoses (2018)
12Cocaine craving and use reductionRCTn=55 · small study2025
Einfach gesagt: These pilot findings suggest that PREG reduces cocaine craving and improves cocaine use outcomes in treatment seeking individuals with CUD, supporting further assessment of PREG in the treatment of CUD.
Sakmar E et al. · Drug and alcohol dependence (2025)
Could be chance
A non-significant reduction was observed for % days of cocaine used (p = .122).
These pilot findings suggest that PREG reduces cocaine craving and improves cocaine use outcomes in treatment seeking individuals with CUD, supporting further assessment of PREG in the treatment of CUD.