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Tdl3.0

Tadalafil Research

Mostly mechanism / observationalLimited safety

5 peer-reviewed studies

What the evidence says

Mostly mechanism / observational

Most Tadalafil studies are mechanism or observational rather than RCTs that measure a clinical effect — keep findings provisional.

Most evidence is from mixed-quality studies published 2007–2023.

Based on 5 studies

Confidence

Low

By outcome

Cardiovascular & vascular
Mostly mechanism / observational4 studies
Mortality (associational)
Mostly mechanism / observational3 studies
Dementia risk (associational)
Too few graded studies2 studies

Active research area

2 studies in the last 5 years

200720152023

1Observational2021

Sildenafil use was associated with a significantly reduced incidence of Alzheimer's disease in insurance-claims analyses.

Fang, Zhang, Zhou, Chiang, Tan, Hou, Cheng · Nature Aging (2021)

Network-medicine prioritization combined with insurance-claims pharmacoepidemiology (~7.2 million people)
Sildenafil use associated with markedly lower Alzheimer's incidence versus comparators
Mechanistic plus epidemiological strand of the dementia hypothesis

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2Observational2016

PDE5-inhibitor use in men with type 2 diabetes was associated with reduced mortality.

Anderson, Hutchings, Woodward, Rahimi, Rutter, Kirby · Heart (British Cardiac Society) (2016)

Observational cohort of PDE5-inhibitor use in type-2 diabetics at high cardiovascular risk
Associated with lower mortality versus non-users
Among the cited human signals for a cardiovascular/longevity benefit

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3Observational2023

A big-data analysis associated sildenafil use with a reduced risk of Alzheimer's disease.

Huo, Finkelstein · Studies in Health Technology and Informatics (2023)

Large real-world database study linking sildenafil use to lower Alzheimer's incidence
Supports a vascular/neuroprotective hypothesis for the class
Adds independent real-world replication to the Alzheimer's association

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4Observational2008

Among PDE5-inhibitor users, cardiovascular outcomes were examined in a large international registry.

Mittleman, Maclure, Lewis, Hall, Moore, Giuliano · International journal of clinical practice (2008)

Observational analysis of cardiovascular outcomes among PDE5-inhibitor users (international registry)
Erectile dysfunction and cardiovascular disease were often comorbid and shared vascular risk factors
No excess cardiovascular harm with PDE5-inhibitor use

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5Observational2007

An observational cohort investigated the cardiovascular safety of tadalafil.

Hazell, Boshier, Harris, Wilton, Shakir · BJU international (2007)

Observational cohort assessing tadalafil cardiovascular safety
Did not show increased cardiovascular risk
Supports tolerability for chronic vascular use

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View in Research Library

Tadalafil Research

Mostly mechanism / observational

Endophenotype-based in silico network medicine discovery combined with insurance record data mining identifies sildenafil as a candidate drug for Alzheimer's disease.

Phosphodiesterase type-5 inhibitor use in type 2 diabetes is associated with a reduction in all-cause mortality.

Using Big Data to Uncover Association Between Sildenafil Use and Reduced Risk of Alzheimer's Disease.

Cardiovascular outcomes among sildenafil users: results of the International Men's Health Study.

An observational cohort study investigating the cardiovascular safety of tadalafil when prescribed in primary care in England: mortality due to ischaemic heart disease.