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Trs3.4

Trestolone (MENT) Research

Mostly mechanism / observational

8 peer-reviewed studies

What the evidence says

Mostly mechanism / observational

Most Trestolone (MENT) studies are mechanism or observational rather than RCTs that measure a clinical effect — keep findings provisional.

Most evidence is from medium-quality randomised trials published 1995–2013 with a typical study size of 45 participants.

Based on 8 studies · 5 RCTs · 74 total participants

Confidence

Moderate confidence

By outcome

Androgen replacement & sexual functionIn a small crossover trial in hypogonadal men, MENT-acetate implants maintained sexual interest, spontaneous and nocturnal erections, and positive mood · Over the implant period (weeks)
Mostly mechanism / observational7 studies
Male contraception & fertility
Mostly mechanism / observational4 studies
Safety profile
Too few graded studies2 studies
Muscle & anabolism
Too few graded studies1 study

Older research base

Newest study from 2013

199520042013

1RCT1999

Anderson RA, Martin CW, Kung AW, Everington D, Pun TC, Tan KC · J Clin Endocrinol Metab (1999)

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2RCT1999

Suvisaari J, Moo-Young A, Juhakoski A, Elomaa K, Saleh SI, Lähteenmäki P · Contraception (1999)

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3RCT2003

Anderson RA, Wallace AM, Sattar N, Kumar N, Sundaram K · J Clin Endocrinol Metab (2003)

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4RCT2003

von Eckardstein S, Noe G, Brache V, Nieschlag E, Croxatto H, Alvarez F · J Clin Endocrinol Metab (2003)

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5RCTn=29 · very small study2007

In plain English: Sperm concentrations fell rapidly to less than 1 x 10(6)/mL at 12 weeks in 8 of 10 subjects in the MENT group ... Thereafter, suppression was not maintained in the MENT group, and 6 men noted loss of libido ... MENT with a progestogen can achieve rapid suppression of spermatogenesis similar to testosterone, but this promising result was not sustained due to a decline in MENT release from the implants.

Walton MJ, Kumar N, Baird DT, Ludlow H, Anderson RA. · Journal of andrology (2007)

Randomized trial in 29 healthy men comparing MENT implants vs testosterone pellets, each with etonogestrel implants, for spermatogenic suppression over up to 48 weeks
MENT plus progestogen achieved rapid suppression of spermatogenesis similar to testosterone (8 of 10 men to <1 million/mL by 12 weeks) with equally suppressed gonadotropins
Crucial counter-evidence: suppression was NOT maintained because MENT release from the implants declined, and 6 men reported loss of libido — a delivery-system failure, not a potency failure; HDL-C fell and hemoglobin rose in both groups

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6Open-Labeln=45 · small study1999

In plain English: Two and four implants induced maximal suppression that was maintained throughout treatment and was completely reversed after removal of the implants. The mean decreases were 93 +/- 1% for testosterone, 80 +/- 3% for DHT, 97 +/- 1% for luteinizing hormone and 95 +/- 1% for follicle stimulating hormone.

Noé G, Suvisaari J, Martin C, Moo-Young AJ, Sundaram K, Saleh SI, Quintero E, Croxatto HB, Lähteenmäki P. · Human reproduction (Oxford, England) (1999)

Dose-finding study in 45 healthy men receiving 1, 2 or 4 subdermal MENT-acetate implants (~500 µg/day each) for 28 days, measuring serum MENT, gonadotropins, testosterone, DHT, SHBG, PSA and IGF-1
Two to four implants produced maximal, sustained and fully reversible suppression — ~97% LH, ~95% FSH, ~93% testosterone, ~80% DHT — confirming MENT's potent gonadotropin- and androgen-suppressive effect
No serious adverse reactions and no consistent clinical-chemistry/haematology changes over the short course

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7Review2013

In plain English: The ensuing search for long-acting preparations yielded testosterone buciclate and undecanoate as well as 7α-methyl-19-nortestosterone (MENT) ... the systematic development of MENT for substitution of male hypogonadism and use in male contraception by the Population Council is reviewed here.

Nieschlag E, Kumar N, Sitruk-Ware R. · Contraception (2013)

Review by the program's principals (Nieschlag, Kumar, Sitruk-Ware) of the Population Council's development of MENT for male contraception and for treatment of hypogonadism
Frames MENT among the long-acting androgens sought for male hormonal contraception, and summarizes its systematic development as a replacement and contraceptive agent
Honest context anchor: documents that MENT remained investigational — a development program, not an approved, marketed product

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8Review1995

In plain English: 7 alpha-methyl-19-nortestosterone (MENT) does not get 5 alpha-reduced due to steric hindrance from the 7 alpha-methyl group ... The fact that MENT is also aromatized to 7 alpha-methyl estradiol, a potent estrogen ... suggests that some of the anabolic actions of MENT may be mediated by this estrogen.

Sundaram K, Kumar N, Monder C, Bardin CW. · The Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology (1995)

Foundational mechanism paper from the Population Council on why 19-norandrogens including MENT have high relative anabolic activity
MENT is NOT 5α-reduced (the 7α-methyl group sterically blocks it), so its androgenic potency is not amplified in the prostate — the prostate-sparing property
Crucial counterpoint: MENT IS aromatized to 7α-methylestradiol, a potent estrogen — establishing the estrogenic activity (and gynecomastia risk) that accompanies use

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View in Research Library

Trestolone (MENT) Research

Mostly mechanism / observational

7Alpha-methyl-19-nortestosterone maintains sexual behavior and mood in hypogonadal men.

Pharmacokinetics of 7 alpha-methyl-19-nortestosterone (MENT) delivery using subdermal implants in healthy men.

Evidence for tissue selectivity of the synthetic androgen 7 alpha-methyl-19-nortestosterone in hypogonadal men.

A clinical trial of 7 alpha-methyl-19-nortestosterone implants for possible use as a long-acting contraceptive for men.

7alpha-methyl-19-nortestosterone (MENT) vs testosterone in combination with etonogestrel implants for spermatogenic suppression in healthy men.

Gonadotrophin and testosterone suppression by 7alpha-methyl-19-nortestosterone acetate administered by subdermal implant to healthy men.

7α-methyl-19-nortestosterone (MENTR): the population council's contribution to research on male contraception and treatment of hypogonadism.

Different patterns of metabolism determine the relative anabolic activity of 19-norandrogens.