Wir verwenden standardmäßig essenzielle Cookies (Anmeldung, deine gespeicherten Ziele/Stacks). Mit deiner Erlaubnis aktivieren wir außerdem datenschutzfreundliche Analytik (Vercel Web Analytics, anonyme Ladezeit-Metriken) und Fehler-Replay-Diagnostik (Sentry — DOM-Snapshots nur, wenn ein Fehler auftritt), damit wir Bugs schneller beheben können. Mehr über Cookies erfahren
HGH4.2
HGH (Somatropin) – Forschung
Überwiegend Mechanismus / Beobachtung
7 begutachtete Studien
Was die Evidenz sagt
Überwiegend Mechanismus / Beobachtung
Die meisten Studien zu HGH (Somatropin) sind mechanistisch oder beobachtend statt RCTs, die einen klinischen Effekt messen — betrachte die Ergebnisse als vorläufig.
Die meiste Evidenz stammt aus mittelwertigen Meta-Analysen und randomisierten Studien, veröffentlicht 1990–2014 mit einer typischen Studiengröße von 131 Teilnehmenden.
Basierend auf 7 Studien · 1 Meta-Analyse · 2 RCTs · 3,648 Teilnehmende insgesamt
Konfidenz
Mittlere Konfidenz
Nach Outcome
Body composition & lean massBei Erwachsenen mit bestätigtem Wachstumshormonmangel senkt die Substitution zuverlässig die Fettmasse und erhöht die fettfreie Körpermasse; bei gesunden älteren Erwachsenen besteht der Zuwachs an fettfreier Masse größtenteils aus Wasser, nicht aus funktioneller Muskulatur · Monate
Überwiegend Mechanismus / Beobachtung6 Studien
Aging & anti-aging (unproven)
Überwiegend Mechanismus / Beobachtung5 Studien
Safety profile
Überwiegend Mechanismus / Beobachtung5 Studien
Weight management
Überwiegend Mechanismus / Beobachtung3 Studien
Performance & exercise capacity
Überwiegend Mechanismus / Beobachtung3 Studien
Glucose & metabolic harm
Zu wenige bewertete Studien2 Studien
Ältere Forschungsbasis
Neueste Studie von 2014 · Neueste Meta-Analyse: 2012
199020022014
1Systematische Übersicht2007
GH cannot be recommended as an antiaging therapy.
Liu H, Bravata DM, Olkin I, Nayak S, Roberts B, Garber AM, Hoffman AR. · Annals of internal medicine (2007)
Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials of GH in community-dwelling healthy elderly (31 articles, 18 study populations, 220 GH recipients)
GH produced only small body-composition changes: fat mass fell ~2.1 kg and lean body mass rose ~2.1 kg, with no significant change in body weight, bone density, or most lipids
GH-treated participants were significantly more likely to experience soft-tissue edema, arthralgias, carpal tunnel syndrome and gynecomastia, and somewhat more likely to develop diabetes/impaired fasting glucose
Claims that growth hormone enhances physical performance are not supported by the scientific literature.
Liu H, Bravata DM, Olkin I, Friedlander A, Liu V, Roberts B, Bendavid E, Saynina O, Salpeter SR, Garber AM, Hoffman AR. · Annals of internal medicine (2008)
Systematic review of RCTs of GH in physically fit young people (44 articles, 27 study samples, 303 GH recipients), aged 13–45
Lean body mass increased ~2.1 kg with GH, but strength and exercise capacity did NOT improve, and lactate during exercise was higher — exercise capacity may even worsen
GH-treated participants more frequently experienced soft-tissue edema and fatigue
Because adverse effects were frequent (importantly, diabetes and glucose intolerance), GH interventions in the elderly should be confined to controlled studies.
26-week randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled 2×2 factorial trial of GH and/or sex steroids in 131 healthy adults aged 65–88
GH increased lean body mass and decreased fat mass, but strength rose only marginally in men (with testosterone) and not significantly in women; endurance (VO2max) gains were small
Adverse effects were frequent: edema, carpal tunnel symptoms and arthralgias, and diabetes or glucose intolerance in 18 GH-treated men versus 7 not receiving GH
Growth hormone significantly increased sprint capacity ... other performance measures did not significantly change. The increase in sprint capacity was not maintained 6 weeks after discontinuation of the drug.
Meinhardt U, Nelson AE, Hansen JL, Birzniece V, Clifford D, Leung KC, Graham K, Ho KK. · Annals of internal medicine (2010)
WADA-funded randomized, placebo-controlled, blinded trial in 96 recreationally trained athletes; men received placebo, GH (2 mg/d), testosterone, or both
GH reduced fat mass and increased lean body mass — but the lean-mass gain was through an increase in extracellular WATER, not functional muscle
GH increased sprint capacity by ~3.9% (more with testosterone) but did NOT improve strength, power, or VO2max; the sprint gain disappeared within 6 weeks of stopping
There is a widespread misperception that PED use is safe ... PED use has been linked to an increased risk of death and a wide variety of cardiovascular, psychiatric, metabolic, endocrine, neurologic, infectious, hepatic, renal, and musculoskeletal disorders.
Pope HG Jr, Wood RI, Rogol A, Nyberg F, Bowers L, Bhasin S. · Endocrine reviews (2014)
Endocrine Society scientific statement synthesizing the medical consequences of performance-enhancing drug use, including growth hormone
Documents that illicit users take highly supraphysiologic doses, often combined with other agents, and that the adverse health effects are greatly underappreciated
Links PED use to increased mortality and to cardiovascular, metabolic, endocrine and other organ-system disorders — context for the metabolic and organomegaly harms of GH excess
The administration of human growth hormone for six months ... was accompanied by an 8.8 percent increase in lean body mass, a 14.4 percent decrease in adipose-tissue mass.
Rudman D, Feller AG, Nagraj HS, Gergans GA, Lalitha PY, Goldberg AF, et al. · The New England journal of medicine (1990)
The famous, much-overhyped study: 21 healthy men aged 61–81 with low IGF-1; 12 received GH (~0.03 mg/kg three times weekly) and 9 received no treatment for 6 months
GH raised IGF-1 into the youthful range and increased lean body mass by 8.8% and decreased adipose-tissue mass by 14.4%, with a small (1.6%) rise in lumbar bone density
A small, non-randomized controlled trial measuring body composition and IGF-1 — NOT function, strength, or longevity outcomes