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Hmb6.0
HMB – Forschung
Hilft vermutlich
155 begutachtete Studien
Was die Evidenz sagt
Hilft vermutlich
HMB half in etwa der Hälfte (8/12) der Studien, die einen Effekt gemessen haben — vielversprechend, aber nicht einhellig.
Die meiste Evidenz stammt aus hochwertigen Meta-Analysen und randomisierten Studien, veröffentlicht 1996–2026 mit einer typischen Studiengröße von 134 Teilnehmenden.
Basierend auf 155 Studien · 19 Meta-Analysen · 113 RCTs · 8,303 Teilnehmende insgesamt
Konfidenz
Hohe Konfidenz
Was die Studien gefunden haben
8geholfen4unklar· 143 weitere ohne bewertete Effektdaten
Nach Outcome
Lean body mass & muscle growthKeine Wirkung auf Kraft oder Körperzusammensetzung bei trainierten Erwachsenen; geringer Vorteil für die Muskelmasse vor allem bei klinischen/älteren Populationen · 4-8 Wochen
Hilft vermutlich94 Studien
Muscle strength & powerKeine Wirkung auf Kraft oder Körperzusammensetzung bei trainierten Erwachsenen; geringer Vorteil für die Muskelmasse vor allem bei klinischen/älteren Populationen · 4-8 Wochen
Gemischte Evidenz49 Studien
Therapeutic & clinical
Hilft vermutlich33 Studien
RecoveryReduzierte Marker für Muskelschäden nach intensiver Belastung · 1-2 Wochen
Überwiegend Mechanismus / Beobachtung23 Studien
Weight management
Hilft wahrscheinlich9 Studien
Endurance & exercise performanceErhält die fettfreie Masse während Ausdauertraining und Kaloriendefizit · 4-8 Wochen · Gemischt; kein Vorteil für Kraft/Körperzusammensetzung bei trainierten Erwachsenen, wobei eine Metaanalyse eine verbesserte Ausdauer und VO2max fand · 4-8 Wochen
Überwiegend Mechanismus / Beobachtung6 Studien
Energy & fatigue
Überwiegend Mechanismus / Beobachtung3 Studien
Inflammation
Zu wenige bewertete Studien2 Studien
Heart & blood pressure
Zu wenige bewertete Studien1 Studie
Safety profile
Zu wenige bewertete Studien1 Studie
In Zahlen
Aus 31 Studien mit messbaren Effekten gezogen
Wahrscheinlich echte Effekte
56%
über Studien hinweg
Untersuchte Personen
8,303
typische Studie: 134 Personen
Stärkste Designs
132
19 gepoolt, 113 randomisiert
Zeigte Nutzen
67%
8/12 Studien
Wie lange Studien liefen
1–3 Monate
3
3+ Monate
4
Untersuchte Populationen
Older adults2
Patients with chronic wounds1
Healthy population1
Patients with sarcopenia1
Aktives Forschungsgebiet
71 Studien in den letzten 5 Jahren · Neueste Meta-Analyse: 2026
199620112026
1Muscle quality, body composition, and physical functionMeta-Analysen=596 · large study2025
Einfach gesagt: Further high-quality RCTs are warranted to confirm its clinical relevance.
García-Alonso A, Sánchez-González JL, Navarro-López V, Méndez-Sánchez R, Polo-Ferrero L. · Nutrients (2025)
Kein klarer Effekt
← SchlechterKein EffektBesser →
Borderline
Pooled standardized mean differences (SMDs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated.
RT+HMB produced modest and borderline significant improvements in handgrip strength (SMD 0.24; 95% CI 0.00-0.48; p = 0.05) and moderate benefits in Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) scores (SMD 0.54; 95% CI 0.12-0.95; p = 0.01).
Five trials (50%) were rated at high risk of bias, limiting confidence in pooled estimates.
2Chronic wound healingSystematische Übersichtn=741 · large study2024
Einfach gesagt: Primary wound types included pressure injuries (58%), diabetic foot ulcers (40%), and venous ulcers (2%).
Santo ACSDE et al. · Nutrition (Burbank, Los Angeles County, Calif.) (2024)
Primary wound types included pressure injuries (58%), diabetic foot ulcers (40%), and venous ulcers (2%).
Two other studies investigated a combination of arginine, glutamine, and β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate; however, they did not yield significant results, and one study favored a hyperproteic formula instead of a hyperproteic formula with arginine.
This review provides evidence supporting the potential of oral nutritional supplementation to enhance the healing process of chronic wounds.
3Endurance performanceMeta-Analysen=279 · medium study2024
Einfach gesagt: In conclusion, HMB (3 g·d -1 ) ingestion during 2-12 weeks significantly improves endurance performance and V̇O 2 max .
Fernández-Landa J et al. · Journal of strength and conditioning research (2024)
Groß Nutzen
← SchlechterKein EffektBesser →
The results displayed a significant improvement on endurance performance (pooled standardized mean difference [SMD] = 0.58 [0.28-0.87]) and V̇O 2 max (pooled SMD = 0.58 [0.21-0.95]) after HMB ingestion.
Moreover, after the exclusion of the studies not evenly distributed around the base of the funnel plot, the results continued to be significantly positive in endurance performance (pooled SMD = 0.38 [0.22-0.53]) and V̇O 2 max (pooled SMD = 0.25 [0.09-0.42]).
In conclusion, HMB (3 g·d -1 ) ingestion during 2-12 weeks significantly improves endurance performance and V̇O 2 max .
4Physical performance assessed by gait speedMeta-Analysen=359 · medium study2025
Einfach gesagt: Overall, although limited and requiring interpretation with utmost caution, current evidence indicates that HMB supplementation is beneficial for improving muscle mass and strength, but there is no evidence of a benefit on physical performance in patients with sarcopenia.
Gu WT et al. · Maturitas (2025)
Kein klarer Effekt
← SchlechterKein EffektBesser →
Could be chance
For the overall risk of bias, no studies were graded as "high risk of bias", one (20.0 %) as "some concerns", and four (80.0 %) as "low risk of bias" according to the ROB 2.
However, there was no evidence of a benefit on physical performance, assessed by gait speed (SMD = 0.19; 95 % CI: [-0.14, 0.53]; Z value = 1.14; P = 0.255).
Overall, although limited and requiring interpretation with utmost caution, current evidence indicates that HMB supplementation is beneficial for improving muscle mass and strength, but there is no evidence of a benefit on physical performance in patients with sarcopenia.
11Systematische Übersichtn=24 · very small study2025
Einfach gesagt: Overall, individual studies show some promise for several dietary supplements to alter body mass and body composition, improve exercise recovery and performance, delay fatigue, and modify serum biomarkers; nevertheless, effect sizes were often small, and results were often mixed.
Coutiño Díaz M et al. · Current nutrition reports (2025)
Overall, individual studies show some promise for several dietary supplements to alter body mass and body composition, improve exercise recovery and performance, delay fatigue, and modify serum biomarkers; nevertheless, effect sizes were often small, and results were often mixed.
12Proportion of foot ulcers healed at 16 weeksMeta-Analysen=629 · large study2020
Einfach gesagt: Evidence for the impact of nutritional interventions on the healing of foot ulcers in people with diabetes compared with no nutritional supplementation, or compared with a different dose of nutritional supplementation, remains uncertain, with eight studies showing no clear benefit or harm.
Moore ZE et al. · The Cochrane database of systematic reviews (2020)
Kein klarer Effekt
← SchlechterKein EffektBesser →
It is also uncertain whether arginine, glutamine and β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate supplement increases the proportion of ulcers healed at 16 weeks compared with placebo (RR 1.09, 95% CI 0.85 to 1.40).
It is uncertain whether oral nutritional supplement with 20 g protein per 200 mL bottle, 1 kcal/mL, nutritional supplement with added vitamins, minerals and trace elements, reduces the number of deaths (RR 0.96, 95% CI 0.06 to 14.60) or amputations (RR 4.82, 95% CI 0.24 to 95.88) more than placebo.
It is uncertain whether arginine, glutamine and β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate supplement increases health-related quality of life at 16 weeks more than placebo (MD -0.03, 95% CI -0.09 to 0.03).
15Total body mass change during resistance exercise trainingMeta-Analysen=302 · medium study2020
Einfach gesagt: Our findings do not support the use of HMB aiming at improvement of body composition or strength with RET.
Jakubowski JS et al. · Nutrients (2020)
A significant effect was found on TBM.
However, there were no significant effects for FFM, FM, or strength outcomes.
We conclude that HMB produces a small effect on TBM gain, but this effect does not translate into significantly greater increases in FFM, strength or decreases in FM during periods of RET.
Einfach gesagt: Specifically, interventions in older adults aged 80 years or older, with cognitive impairment, frailty, or limited mobility are required.
Courel-Ibáñez J et al. · Nutrients (2019)
Results showed that HMB supplementation in addition to physical exercise has no or fairly low impact in improving body composition, muscle strength, or physical performance in adults aged 50 to 80 years, compared to exercise alone.
There is a gap of knowledge on the beneficial effects of HMB combined with exercise to preserve cognitive functions in aging and age-related neurodegenerative diseases.
Future RCTs are needed to refine treatment choices combining HMB and exercises for older people in particular populations, ages, and health status.
18Body composition and strengthMeta-Analysen=394 · medium study2018
Einfach gesagt: This meta-analysis found no effect of HMB supplementation on strength and body composition in trained and competitive athletes.
Sanchez-Martinez J et al. · Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport (2018)
HMB supplementation interventions present a trivial non-significant ES in all variables studied (bench press ES=0.00, leg press ES=0.09, body mass ES=-0.01, fat-free mass ES=0.16, and fat mass ES=-0.20; all cases p>0.05, and null heterogeneity I2=0.0% p>0.05).
These results remained constant even analyzing by subgroups (HMB doses, duration of intervention, training level and diet co-intervention).
This meta-analysis found no effect of HMB supplementation on strength and body composition in trained and competitive athletes.