Wir verwenden standardmäßig essenzielle Cookies (Anmeldung, deine gespeicherten Ziele/Stacks). Mit deiner Erlaubnis aktivieren wir außerdem datenschutzfreundliche Analytik (Vercel Web Analytics, anonyme Ladezeit-Metriken) und Fehler-Replay-Diagnostik (Sentry — DOM-Snapshots nur, wenn ein Fehler auftritt), damit wir Bugs schneller beheben können. Mehr über Cookies erfahren
I3C4.5
Indole-3-Carbinol – Forschung
Hilft wahrscheinlich
49 begutachtete Studien
Was die Evidenz sagt
Hilft wahrscheinlich
Indole-3-Carbinol scheint in 3 von 3 Studien mit messbaren Effekten zu helfen — die Evidenz tendiert klar ins Positive.
Die meiste Evidenz stammt aus hochwertigen Meta-Analysen und randomisierten Studien, veröffentlicht 1994–2026 mit einer typischen Studiengröße von 57 Teilnehmenden.
Basierend auf 49 Studien · 1 Meta-Analyse · 8 RCTs · 2,306 Teilnehmende insgesamt
Konfidenz
Hohe Konfidenz
Was die Studien gefunden haben
3geholfen· 46 weitere ohne bewertete Effektdaten
Nach Outcome
Therapeutic & clinical
Überwiegend Mechanismus / Beobachtung30 Studien
Women's healthSmall RCTs show a favorable shift in the 2-OH:16α-OH estrogen ratio (surrogate biomarker) · 4-8 weeks · Plausible via estrogen metabolism; no PMS-specific trials · 1-3 cycles · No menopause-specific evidence for I3C; mechanism only · 4-8 weeks
Hilft wahrscheinlich13 Studien
Liver healthInduces phase I/II detox enzymes; clinical liver outcomes not established · 4-12 weeks
Überwiegend Mechanismus / Beobachtung6 Studien
Safety profile
Überwiegend Mechanismus / Beobachtung6 Studien
InflammationAnti-inflammatory signaling preclinical only; no human outcome data · 2-4 weeks
Überwiegend Mechanismus / Beobachtung3 Studien
Glucose & metabolic
Zu wenige bewertete Studien1 Studie
In Zahlen
Aus 26 Studien mit messbaren Effekten gezogen
Wahrscheinlich echte Effekte
100%
über Studien hinweg
Untersuchte Personen
2,306
typische Studie: 57 Personen
Stärkste Designs
9
1 gepoolt, 8 randomisiert
Zeigte Nutzen
100%
3/3 Studien
Wie lange Studien liefen
1–3 Monate
2
3+ Monate
3
Untersuchte Populationen
Cancer patients3
Women3
Leukemia patients1
Inflammatory bowel disease patients1
Aktives Forschungsgebiet
30 Studien in den letzten 5 Jahren · Neueste Meta-Analyse: 2024
199420102026
1Übersicht2025
Einfach gesagt: Integrating cruciferous vegetables and their bioactive compounds in light of an individual's microbiome profile as a complementary approach alongside standard treatments is a promising strategy in breast cancer care.
Ho E et al. · Annual review of nutrition (2025)
Breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease with varying subtypes, prognoses, and treatment responses.
Cruciferous vegetables have shown promise in reducing breast cancer risk.
Integrating cruciferous vegetables and their bioactive compounds in light of an individual's microbiome profile as a complementary approach alongside standard treatments is a promising strategy in breast cancer care.
Einfach gesagt: Thus, I3C prevents the toxicities caused by chemicals in the surrounding environment as well as those of consumed drugs.
Gerges MN et al. · Journal of biochemical and molecular toxicology (2025)
Moreover, it reduces fetal malformation and protects against micronuclei formation and calstogenecity induced by cyclophosphamide (CP) in bone marrow cells.
It also attenuates methotrexate (MTX)-induced hepatotoxicity, mitigates neurotoxicity caused by thioacetamide and clonidine, and protects against aspirin side effects in gastric mucosa.
Furthermore, its nanoparticles inhibit neuronal damage caused by glutamate and rotenone.
Einfach gesagt: This article reviews current knowledge of the occurrence of I3C in nature and foods, along with the beneficial effects of I3C and DIM concerning prevention and treatment of human chronic diseases, focusing on preclinical studies and their mechanisms of action at cellular and molecular levels.
Amarakoon D et al. · Annual review of food science and technology (2023)
One of its main in vivo metabolites is 3,3'-diindolylmethane (DIM), formed by the condensation of two molecules of I3C.
Both I3C and DIM alter multiple signaling pathways and related molecules controlling diverse cellular events, including oxidation, inflammation, proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, angiogenesis, and immunity.
There is a growing body of evidence from both in vitro and in vivo models that these compounds possess strong potential to prevent several forms of chronic disease such as inflammation, obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, cancer, hypertension, neurodegenerative diseases, and osteoporosis.
Einfach gesagt: Mechanistically, I3C and DIM modulate various pathophysiological processes, including cell proliferation, apoptosis, oxidative stress, and lipogenesis.
Tian C et al. · Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie (2024)
Mechanistically, I3C and DIM modulate various pathophysiological processes, including cell proliferation, apoptosis, oxidative stress, and lipogenesis.
This review aims to enhance researchers' understanding of the regulatory roles of I3C and DIM in these liver diseases and explore the potential of plant-derived substances in liver disease treatment.
Einfach gesagt: Importantly, WWP1 inhibition using small molecule inhibitors such as Indole-3-Carbinol (I3C) and Bortezomib or siRNAs leads to significant suppression of cancer growth and healing of bone fractures, suggesting that WWP1 might serve as a potential therapeutic target for several diseases.
Behera A et al. · Cell death & disease (2023)
In this review, we discuss the evolutionary perspective, structure, and functions of WWP1 and its multilevel regulation by various regulators.
We also examine its emerging roles in cancer progression and its therapeutic potential.
Finally, we highlight WWP1's role in normal physiology, contribution to pathological conditions, and therapeutic potential for cancer and other diseases.
Karimabad MN et al. · Mini reviews in medicinal chemistry (2023)
Furthermore, 75 to 80% of the global population use herbal remedies as primary therapy, mainly because of their better efficiency and satisfaction, which elevate the human body symmetry with the minimum unwanted adverse effects.
For the control of cancer, plant products, and fruits have been considered promising tools and are being consumed for centuries.
Several plant extracts are also being used for the therapy and prevention of different types of known cancers.
Einfach gesagt: Instead, they indicate that including brassica vegetables in the daily diet, particularly when accompanied by adequate iodine intake, poses no adverse effects on thyroid function.
Galanty A et al. · International journal of molecular sciences (2024)
We analyzed the results of 123 articles of in vitro, animal, and human studies, describing the impact of brassica plants and extracts on thyroid mass and histology, blood levels of TSH, T3, T4, iodine uptake, and the effect on thyroid cancer cells.
We also presented the mechanisms of the goitrogenic potential of GLSs and ITCs, the limitations of the studies included, as well as further research directions.
The vast majority of the results cast doubt on previous assumptions claiming that brassica plants have antithyroid effects in humans.
Einfach gesagt: Phytochemicals, including indole-3-carbinol (I3C) and its metabolite, diindolylmethane (DIM), exhibit neuroprotective effects through BDNF's mimetic activity; Akt phosphorylation is induced, and the antioxidant defense mechanism is activated by blocking the Nrf2-kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1) complex.
Singh AA, Yadav D, Khan F, Song M · Brain Sciences (2024)
I3C activates the aryl hydrocarbon receptor pathway with broad anti-inflammatory effects
Neuroprotective effects demonstrated in multiple neurodegeneration models
DIM (the primary metabolite) shows enhanced bioavailability and potency compared to I3C
Einfach gesagt: Recently, a growing body of studies has indicated that phytochemicals derived from natural products are potent regulators of Th17/Treg, and exert preferable protective benefits against colonic infl...
Chang Y et al. · Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie (2021)
Recently, a growing body of studies has indicated that phytochemicals derived from natural products are potent regulators of Th17/Treg, and exert preferable protective benefits against colonic inflammation.
Einfach gesagt: Additionally, extensive molecular interactions between tryptophan metabolites and intracellular signaling pathways will be thoroughly discussed.
Ala M · International reviews of immunology (2022)
Serotonin system also increases colorectal cancer cells proliferation and metastasis while, indole metabolites can profoundly decrease colorectal cancer growth.
Furthermore, it will be explained how indole metabolites supplementation, inhibition of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1), KMO and serotonin receptors can protect against colorectal cancer.
Additionally, extensive molecular interactions between tryptophan metabolites and intracellular signaling pathways will be thoroughly discussed.
11Tumorigenesis and cancer susceptibilityÜbersicht2022
Einfach gesagt: In turn this unfolding regulatory network is allowing for the identification of genes directly involved in both tumorigenesis at large and cancer susceptibility syndromes.
Song MS et al. · Seminars in cancer biology (2022)
In turn this unfolding regulatory network is allowing for the identification of genes directly involved in both tumorigenesis at large and cancer susceptibility syndromes.
While the complexity of this regulatory network is still being unraveled, these new findings are paving the way for novel therapeutic modalities for cancer prevention and therapy as well as for other diseases.
Here we will review the signal transduction and therapeutic implications of the cross-talk between HECT family members and PTEN.
Einfach gesagt: Some degree of the cytotoxic and proapoptotic effects of indole-3-carbinol on colon cancer cells is dependent on activation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor.
Megna BW et al. · The Journal of surgical research (2016)
Some degree of the cytotoxic and proapoptotic effects of indole-3-carbinol on colon cancer cells is dependent on activation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor.
This represents a novel mechanism for the molecular action of indole-3-carbinol and enhances our understanding of its effects in the context of colorectal cancer.
Continued preclinical study of both indole-3-carbinol and the aryl hydrocarbon receptor pathway is warranted, which may one day lead to novel diet-derived colon cancer treatments that enlist the AHR.
Einfach gesagt: This chapter summarizes the current experimental data on the I3C and DIM activity and the results of clinical studies indicating their role in prevention of chronic diseases.
Licznerska B et al. · Advances in experimental medicine and biology (2016)
Initially, these compounds were classified as blocking agents that increase drug-metabolizing enzyme activity.
Now it is widely accepted that I3C and DIM affect multiple signaling pathways and target molecules controlling cell division, apoptosis, or angiogenesis deregulated in cancer cells.
Although most of the current data support the role of I3C and DIM in prevention of hormone-dependent cancers, it seems that their application in prevention of the other cancer as well as cardiovascular disease, obesity, and diabetes reduction is also possible.
Einfach gesagt: Therefore, a supplement that contains these micronutrients, using the safest form and dosage should be investigated in future breast cancer chemoprevention studies and as part of standard breast ca...
Mokbel K et al. · In vivo (Athens, Greece) (2019)
Therefore, a supplement that contains these micronutrients, using the safest form and dosage should be investigated in future breast cancer chemoprevention studies and as part of standard breast cancer therapy.
18chemopreventive effects and analytical approaches for indole-3-carbinolÜbersicht2024
Einfach gesagt: Highlighting the complete biosynthetic pathway and factors involved in I3C production will aid for its future biotechnological production.
Nagia M, Morgan I, Gamel MA, Farag MA. · Critical reviews in food science and nutrition (2024)
Compile of the different analytical approaches for I3C analysis in dietary sources is presented for the first time, together with approaches for its detection and its metabolism in body fluids for proof of efficacy.
Lastly, the chemopreventive effects of I3C and the underlying action mechanisms are summarized.
Optimizing the yield and methods for the detection of I3C will assist for its incorporation as a nutraceutical or adjuvant in cancer treatment programs.
19Cancer prevention potential of glucosinolatesÜbersicht2026
Einfach gesagt: The described compounds are bioavailable in humans and modulate the clinically relevant pathways linked to carcinogenesis.
Labudda M et al. · Nutrients (2026)
The described compounds are bioavailable in humans and modulate the clinically relevant pathways linked to carcinogenesis.
Larger, standardized interventions are needed to determine effective intake levels, optimize bioavailability, and define their potential role in evidence-based nutritional strategies for cancer prevention.
Einfach gesagt: Further more extensive studies are necessary to discover the effective mechanism of these natural compounds as anti-HPV agents.
Hosseini MS, Sadeqi A, Heidari Z, Boozari M. · Phytotherapy research : PTR (2025)
In addition, carrageenan shows promising effects in HPV transmission prevention.
It appears that compounds from nature may have an impact, on different phases of the HPV infection like genital warts treatment, disease transmission prevention, and healing-related cancers.
These findings highlight the potential of natural products as valuable sources to combat HPV infection and related cancers.