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Prescription medication — not a dietary supplement
Canagliflozinis a prescription (or investigational) drug, not a supplement. It is included here for reference because people research and discuss it (often used off-label) — not as a recommendation. Take it only under a qualified clinician's supervision and only as prescribed; do not source it from grey-market vendors, where identity, purity, and dosing are unverified. The evidence below reflects its clinical trials.
What the evidence says
Most Canagliflozin studies are mechanism or observational rather than RCTs that measure a clinical effect — keep findings provisional.
Most evidence is from medium-quality meta-analyses and randomised trials published 2015–2022 with a typical study size of 7,020 participants.
Based on 7 studies · 1 meta-analysis · 4 RCTs · 21,563 total participants
Confidence
ModerateBy outcome
Canagliflozin has an evidence score of 4.5/10 — emerging evidence based on 7 indexed studies, including 1 meta-analysis. An SGLT2-inhibitor diabetes drug (Invokana) that lowers glucose by excreting it in urine. It extended lifespan in male mice in the NIA aging program, and the SGLT2 class has strong proven cardiovascular, kidney, and heart-failure benefits in humans. Longevity benefit itself is unproven; carries genital-infection and (rarely) ketoacidosis risks. Prescription drug, not a supplement. Representative study: PMID 32877652.
The commonly studied dose of Canagliflozin is Off-label use mirrors diabetes dosing (e.g. 100–300 mg once daily before the first meal) under a clinician. A prescription drug; not an approved longevity regimen.. Individual needs vary — start at the lower end of the range and adjust based on how you respond.
Nicotinamide Riboside
Mostly mechanism / observationalA vitamin B3 precursor that reliably raises cellular NAD+ levels and is well tolerated — but human trials have so far shown mostly null or mixed results on the functional outcomes (muscle, metabolism, blood pressure, cognition) that elevation is meant to drive.
Alirocumab (Praluent)
Last reviewed June 2026 · evidence from 7 studies · how we score
This information is for educational purposes only. It is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider before starting, stopping, or changing any supplement or medication.
Canagliflozin (Invokana) — SGLT2 inhibitor
An SGLT2-inhibitor diabetes drug (Invokana) that lowers glucose by excreting it in urine. It extended lifespan in male mice in the NIA aging program, and the SGLT2 class has strong proven cardiovascular, kidney, and heart-failure benefits in humans. Longevity benefit itself is unproven; carries genital-infection and (rarely) ketoacidosis risks. Prescription drug, not a supplement.
Canagliflozin extended lifespan in male mice (NIA ITP) and the SGLT2 class has strong proven cardiovascular, heart-failure, and kidney benefits in humans — but those are not a demonstrated longevity outcome, the mouse effect is male-specific, and the class carries genital-infection and ketoacidosis risks, so the longevity use stays emerging.
Canagliflozin is a sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitor — a 'gliflozin' — that lowers blood glucose by blocking renal glucose reabsorption, causing glucose (and calories) to be excreted in the urine.
Beyond glucose-lowering it induces mild caloric loss, modest weight and blood-pressure reduction, and a metabolic shift toward fat/ketone utilization.
In the NIA Interventions Testing Program, canagliflozin extended lifespan in genetically heterogeneous male (but not female) mice, and follow-up work suggested neuroprotective effects in aged mice — putting it on the geroprotector map.
Crucially, the broader SGLT2 class has among the strongest human outcome evidence of any 'metabolic' drug class: large randomized trials (with empagliflozin, dapagliflozin, and canagliflozin) show reduced cardiovascular death, heart-failure hospitalization, and progression of kidney disease — benefits that extend even to non-diabetics with heart failure or chronic kidney disease.
The honest distinction: those proven benefits are cardiovascular/renal, not a demonstrated lifespan/longevity extension, and the mouse lifespan result is male-specific.
Class risks include genital mycotic infections, volume depletion, a rare but serious euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis, and (specific to canagliflozin in one trial) a debated amputation/fracture signal.
Canagliflozin is a prescription drug; using an SGLT2 inhibitor off-label for longevity is increasingly discussed but the longevity benefit is unproven. The score reflects genuinely strong human cardiovascular/renal outcome data plus a male-mouse lifespan signal, against unproven human longevity and real class risks.
Blocks renal SGLT2, so glucose (and ~200–300 kcal/day) is excreted in urine, lowering blood glucose independent of insulin.
Urinary calorie loss plus a shift toward fat/ketone utilization drives modest weight loss and metabolic effects proposed to underlie the longevity signal.
Hemodynamic and metabolic effects (reduced preload, improved cardiac energetics, lower intraglomerular pressure) underlie the proven heart-failure and kidney benefits.
How Canagliflozin works — from molecular targets to health outcomes. Click an edge to see supporting research.This visualization is in beta — pathways are being refined and expanded.
Tap node to isolate • Pinch to zoom • Tap edge for research
Off-label use mirrors diabetes dosing (e.g. 100–300 mg once daily before the first meal) under a clinician. A prescription drug; not an approved longevity regimen.
Loading: No loading dose; usually started at 100 mg once daily and titrated.
Can be taken without food
| Form | Type |
|---|---|
| 💊Oral tablet (canagliflozin) | Recommended |
| 💊Empagliflozin / dapagliflozin (same class, strong cardiorenal data) | Alternative |
Canagliflozin has the specific mouse-lifespan data; other gliflozins share the cardiorenal benefits.
Minimum: 12 weeks
Optimal: 52 weeks
Cycling: Not required
Note: Once daily before the first meal; hydrate well and maintain genital hygiene to limit yeast infections.
Dose-response data unavailable. The current published research for Canagliflozin does not provide sufficient dose-specific outcome data to generate reliable dose-response curves.
Refer to the Dosage & Timing section above for recommended dose ranges based on available evidence.
Extended lifespan in male — but not female — mice in the NIA aging program; not shown in humans.
SGLT2 class reduces cardiovascular death, heart-failure hospitalization, and kidney-disease progression — including in non-diabetics.
Urinary calorie loss yields modest weight and blood-pressure reductions.
Genital yeast infections are common; rare euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis and volume depletion can occur.
Caution — combined with carb restriction, SGLT2 inhibition can raise ketoacidosis risk.
Monitor for volume depletion and falls.
May be a poor fit — glucosuria promotes recurrence.
Additive volume depletion / hypotension.
Increased hypoglycemia risk (and ketoacidosis if insulin is reduced too much).
Tip: Glucosuria promotes yeast; hygiene and prompt treatment help.
Tip: Stay hydrated; caution with diuretics or in the elderly.
Tip: Can occur at near-normal glucose; seek care for nausea/malaise/rapid breathing, especially when fasting or ill.
The best time to take Canagliflozin is in the morning. It can be taken on an empty stomach. Taken before the first meal of the day; ensure adequate hydration and genital hygiene to limit infection risk.
Canagliflozin should be used with caution — talk to a healthcare provider before taking it. The most commonly reported side effects are genital yeast infection, volume depletion / dizziness, euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis. Use caution if any of these apply to you: Type 1 diabetes (ketoacidosis risk); Severe renal impairment / dialysis; History of recurrent diabetic ketoacidosis.
A fully human monoclonal-antibody PCSK9 inhibitor (Praluent), injected under the skin every 2 weeks, that lowers LDL cholesterol by ~50–60%. In the ODYSSEY OUTCOMES trial of ~18,900 post-heart-attack patients it reduced major cardiovascular events and showed a possible all-cause mortality signal. Generally well tolerated; injection-site reactions and high cost/access are the main trade-offs. Prescription drug, not a supplement.