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Dapagliflozin (Farxiga/Forxiga) — SGLT2 inhibitor
An SGLT2-inhibitor diabetes drug (Farxiga/Forxiga) with broad, robust human outcome evidence — it cuts heart-failure hospitalization and cardiovascular death across the ejection-fraction spectrum and slows kidney-disease progression, including in non-diabetics. The sibling of empagliflozin, used off-label for 'longevity,' though longevity itself is unproven (the lifespan data are for sibling canagliflozin in mice). A prescription drug, not a supplement.
Prescription medication — not a dietary supplement
Dapagliflozin is a prescription (or investigational) drug, not a supplement. It is included here for reference because people research and discuss it (often used off-label) — not as a recommendation. Take it only under a qualified clinician's supervision and only as prescribed; do not source it from grey-market vendors, where identity, purity, and dosing are unverified. The evidence below reflects its clinical trials.
What the evidence says
Dapagliflozin doesn't have enough studies with structured effect-size data yet to pool a verdict. Browse the studies below for individual findings.
Most evidence is from high-quality meta-analyses and randomised trials published 2009–2026 with a typical study size of 34,322 participants.
Based on 843 studies · 221 meta-analyses · 552 RCTs · 34,322 total participants
Confidence
High confidenceBy outcome
Dapagliflozin has broad, robust human cardiorenal outcome evidence — reduced heart-failure hospitalization and cardiovascular death across the ejection-fraction spectrum and slowed kidney-disease progression, including in non-diabetics — but those are cardiorenal outcomes, not a demonstrated lifespan extension (the class lifespan data are for canagliflozin in mice), and it carries class risks, so the longevity use stays emerging.
554 randomised trials
82% were about Dapagliflozin in an audit of 50 of them
Every randomised or controlled trial of Dapagliflozin indexed in PubMed, not a hand-picked subset. Meta-analyses and systematic reviews are deliberately excluded from this count: most of them cover many compounds at once, so counting them would inflate it.
PubMed · as of Sep 2026
207 trials ongoing or recruiting · 386 completed on ClinicalTrials.gov
126 of the completed trials have posted results
Registered trials show research momentum for Dapagliflozin, not proof of effect — a registration is a plan, and posted results are sponsor-reported, not peer-reviewed. They are never counted toward the evidence rating above.
Browse these trials on ClinicalTrials.govClinicalTrials.gov · as of Nov 2026
Dapagliflozin is a sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitor — a 'gliflozin' — that lowers blood glucose by blocking renal glucose reabsorption, excreting glucose (and calories) in the urine and shifting metabolism toward fat/ketone utilization.
Alongside empagliflozin it has the deepest cardiorenal outcome evidence of the class, which is why both are discussed and used off-label as geroprotectors.
The landmark DAPA-HF trial showed dapagliflozin reduced cardiovascular death and heart-failure hospitalization in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (including many non-diabetics); DELIVER extended that benefit to mildly reduced and preserved ejection fraction; DAPA-CKD showed it slows chronic-kidney-disease progression and reduces death across a broad, largely non-diabetic population; and DECLARE-TIMI 58 established its cardiovascular-outcome safety and a reduction in heart-failure hospitalization in type-2 diabetics.
A class meta-analysis (Zelniker, Lancet) pooled these effects across SGLT2 inhibitors. These are large, robust, organ-protective and partly mortality outcomes — unusual for a 'metabolic' drug.
The honest distinction for this collection: those proven benefits are cardiovascular, heart-failure, and renal, not a demonstrated lifespan or healthspan extension; the only direct geroscience lifespan data in the class are for the sibling canagliflozin in male mice.
The class risks are shared: genital mycotic infections, volume depletion, and a rare but serious euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis (higher risk with fasting/low-carb). Dapagliflozin is a prescription drug; using it off-label for longevity is increasingly common, but the longevity benefit specifically is unproven.
The score reflects genuinely strong human cardiovascular/renal/heart-failure outcomes plus a class geroscience rationale, against unproven human longevity and real risks.
Blocks renal SGLT2 so glucose (and calories) are excreted in urine, lowering glucose independent of insulin.
Reduced preload, improved cardiac energetics, and lower intraglomerular pressure underlie the heart-failure and kidney benefits — largely independent of glucose lowering.
Urinary calorie loss and a shift toward fat/ketone utilization drive modest weight/BP reduction and the proposed geroprotective metabolic effects.
How Dapagliflozin works — from molecular targets to health outcomes. Click an edge to see supporting research.This visualization is in beta — pathways are being refined and expanded.
Caution — combined with carb restriction, SGLT2 inhibition can raise ketoacidosis risk.
Monitor for volume depletion and falls.
May be a poor fit — glucosuria promotes recurrence.
Additive volume depletion / hypotension.
Increased hypoglycemia risk (and ketoacidosis if insulin is reduced too much).
Tip: Glucosuria promotes yeast; hygiene and prompt treatment help.
Tip: Stay hydrated; caution with diuretics or in the elderly.
Tip: Can occur at near-normal glucose; seek care for nausea/malaise/rapid breathing, especially when fasting or ill.
Dapagliflozin has an evidence score of 4.4/10 — emerging evidence based on 843 indexed studies, including 1 meta-analysis. An SGLT2-inhibitor diabetes drug (Farxiga/Forxiga) with broad, robust human outcome evidence — it cuts heart-failure hospitalization and cardiovascular death across the ejection-fraction spectrum and slows kidney-disease progression, including in non-diabetics. The sibling of empagliflozin, used off-label for 'longevity,' though longevity itself is unproven (the lifespan data are for sibling canagliflozin in mice). A prescription drug, not a supplement. Representative study: PMID 30424892.
Dosing for Dapagliflozin: Off-label use mirrors approved dosing (10 mg once daily) under a clinician. A prescription drug; not an approved longevity regimen. Individual needs vary, so check the right dose for you with a healthcare provider.
The best time to take Dapagliflozin is in the morning. It can be taken on an empty stomach. Once daily, with or without food; ensure hydration and genital hygiene to limit infection risk.
Dapagliflozin should be used with caution — talk to a healthcare provider before taking it. Reported side effects include euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis, volume depletion / dizziness, genital yeast infection. How often they occur is not established for all of them. Use caution if any of these apply to you: Type 1 diabetes (ketoacidosis risk); Severe renal impairment per label / dialysis; History of recurrent diabetic ketoacidosis.
Berberine
Likely helpsActivates AMPK to regulate blood sugar, improve insulin sensitivity, and support lipid metabolism. Its only head-to-head trial with metformin cited here was a 36-person pilot, which does not show it can replace metformin.
Canagliflozin
Too few graded studiesAn SGLT2-inhibitor diabetes drug (Invokana) that lowers glucose by excreting it in urine. It extended lifespan in male mice in the NIA aging program, and the SGLT2 class has strong proven cardiovascular, kidney, and heart-failure benefits in humans. Longevity benefit itself is unproven; carries genital-infection and (rarely) ketoacidosis risks. Prescription drug, not a supplement.
Empagliflozin
Too few graded studiesAn SGLT2-inhibitor diabetes drug (Jardiance) with the strongest human outcome evidence of its class — it cuts cardiovascular death, heart-failure hospitalization, and kidney-disease progression even in non-diabetics. The most widely used SGLT2 for off-label 'longevity,' though longevity itself is unproven (the lifespan data are for sibling canagliflozin in mice). A prescription drug, not a supplement.
CoQ10
Likely helpsA lipid-soluble antioxidant central to mitochondrial energy production, with the strongest trial support for fertility/IVF outcomes and heart failure.
Explore: Best supplements for Vitality & Longevity
Reviewed by Dr. Baher Al Hakim · Last reviewed June 2026 · evidence from 845 studies · how we score · editorial policy
This information is for educational purposes only. It is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider before starting, stopping, or changing any supplement or medication.
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