Supplements to Boost Daily Energy

An investigational mitochondria-targeting tetrapeptide that binds cardiolipin in the inner mitochondrial membrane. Honest appraisal: it is one of the most rigorously trialed mitochondrial peptides — real Phase 2/3 randomized trials exist — but its pivotal studies were largely negative. The Phase 3 MMPOWER-3 trial in primary mitochondrial myopathy MISSED its primary endpoints, and the EMBRACE-STEMI reperfusion-injury trial failed to reduce infarct size. The clearest positive signals are in the ultra-rare Barth syndrome and in open-label / exploratory data, not in confirmatory trials. It is not an approved drug and not a dietary supplement; grey-market injectable sourcing is unstudied.

A prescription wakefulness-promoting drug (Provigil) approved for the excessive daytime sleepiness of narcolepsy, shift-work sleep disorder, and residual sleepiness in treated obstructive sleep apnea. Widely used off-label as a 'smart drug' for cognition, but the cognitive benefit in healthy people is modest and task-dependent — and it carries a rare but serious skin-reaction (SJS/TEN) warning. A prescription drug, not a supplement, and not a longevity drug.

A prescription wakefulness-promoting drug (Nuvigil) — the longer-acting R-enantiomer of modafinil — approved for the excessive sleepiness of narcolepsy, shift-work disorder, and residual sleepiness in treated obstructive sleep apnea. Used off-label as a 'smart drug' for wakefulness and cognition, but the off-label cognitive benefit in healthy people is modest and task-dependent (the same picture as modafinil), and it carries a rare but serious skin-reaction (SJS/TEN) warning. A prescription drug, not a supplement, and not a longevity drug.

A Russian 'actoprotector' — an atypical mild psychostimulant that is also anxiolytic and immunomodulatory — registered in Russia (as Ladasten) for asthenia/fatigue. Honest appraisal: there is a large multicenter Russian study in asthenic disorders and a coherent rat pharmacology (it raises dopaminergic tone and reduces fatigue), but the entire evidence base comes from a single Russian research lineage, has never been independently replicated in Western trials, and is grey-market and WADA-banned elsewhere. NOT a dietary supplement, NOT a longevity drug, and its long-term safety is unknown.

A sympathomimetic stimulant — the 'E' in the ECA (ephedrine/caffeine/aspirin) fat-loss stack. Ephedrine plus caffeine genuinely produces MODEST fat loss in 6-month RCTs (~0.9 kg/month more than placebo, ~3 kg over a controlled diet trial). But that is the whole upside: ephedra alkaloids were BANNED from US dietary supplements in 2004 after the FDA tied them to cardiovascular and psychiatric harms and deaths (the JAMA meta-analysis found a 2.2–3.6× increase in psychiatric/autonomic/GI symptoms and palpitations). Pharmaceutical ephedrine survives only as a restricted behind-the-counter decongestant/vasopressor. NOT a dietary supplement, NOT a longevity drug — a gated harm-reduction entry.

A discontinued French wakefulness drug (Olmifon, CRL-40028) the liver converts into modafinil — essentially a less-efficient, slower way to take modafinil. Once prescribed for vigilance and attention in the elderly, it was withdrawn from the market and now circulates grey-market as an unregulated 'nootropic.' Direct human evidence is old and thin, chronic use can raise liver enzymes, and it is NOT a dietary supplement and NOT a longevity drug.

A sympathomimetic 'amphetamine-like' stimulant once sold in pre-workout and fat-burner supplements (Jack3d, OxyELITE Pro). It raises blood pressure with NO proven performance or fat-loss benefit, and it is linked to hemorrhagic stroke, heart attack, cardiac arrest, and deaths — including in young soldiers. The FDA banned it from dietary supplements in 2012-2013 and it is prohibited by WADA. This is a harm-reduction entry: DMAA is not a supplement and not safe to use.

A sympathomimetic stimulant marketed as a 'DMAA replacement' in pre-workout and fat-burner supplements. It is an old 1950s nasal-decongestant/vasopressor drug (octodrine) revived as a grey-market supplement ingredient — but there is essentially NO modern human safety or efficacy data in this context, its 'natural' Aconitum/Kigelia origin is false (analyses show it is synthetic), and as a DMAA-class amine it carries a presumed cardiovascular risk. The FDA treats it as an unapproved, unsafe ingredient that does not qualify as a dietary supplement. This is a harm-reduction entry, not an endorsement.

A grey-market 'research chemical' sold online as a wakefulness-promoting nootropic — fladrafinil (fluorafinil / CRL-40,941) is a fluorinated analogue of adrafinil/modafinil and, critically, a PRODRUG that converts in the body to flmodafinil (CRL-40,940), which is itself an unstudied modafinil analogue catalogued here. The defining fact is the ABSENCE of evidence: there are essentially NO published human efficacy or safety trials of fladrafinil. The only direct human data is a single 2026 doping-control paper in which six volunteers ingested 20 mg of fladrafinil (or flmodafinil) so its metabolism and detection could be mapped — human pharmacokinetics, but nothing about whether it works or is safe. Everything else marketers cite is the MODAFINIL literature — a related but DIFFERENT drug — which cannot be transferred to an unstudied analogue of unknown purity and dose. By extrapolation from modafinil (and via its active metabolite flmodafinil) expect modafinil-like effects and harms only: insomnia, headache, anxiety, raised blood pressure and heart rate, the rare-but-serious skin reactions seen with modafinil, and dependence/misuse potential — all UNMONITORED, with grey-market product of unverified identity and dosing. It is reputed (anecdotally only) to be more 'anti-aggressive' than adrafinil, but that too is unproven. It is NOT an approved medicine, NOT a dietary supplement, and there is no human use this library can recommend. Informational, harm-reduction entry only — the honest takeaway is that fladrafinil's benefit and safety are unstudied in humans.

A grey-market 'research chemical' sold online as a more-potent modafinil — flmodafinil is the bis(4-fluorophenyl) analogue of modafinil (lauflumide / CRL-40,940), marketed as a wakefulness-promoting nootropic. The CRITICAL fact is the ABSENCE of evidence: there are NO published human efficacy or safety trials of flmodafinil itself. The only direct literature is a single mouse study (the analogue lauflumide promoted wakefulness more potently than modafinil) and a 2026 doping-control paper in which six volunteers ingested it to map its metabolism and detection — human pharmacokinetics, but nothing about whether it works or is safe. Everything else marketers cite is the MODAFINIL literature — a RELATED but DIFFERENT drug — which cannot be transferred to an unstudied analogue of unknown purity and dose. Expect modafinil-like effects and harms by extrapolation only: insomnia, headache, anxiety, raised blood pressure and heart rate, the rare-but-serious skin reactions seen with modafinil, and dependence/misuse potential — all UNMONITORED, with grey-market product of unverified identity and dosing. It is NOT an approved medicine, NOT a dietary supplement, and there is no human use this library can recommend. Informational, harm-reduction entry only — the honest takeaway is that flmodafinil’s benefit and safety are unstudied in humans.

A grey-market 'research chemical' sold online as a more-potent modafinil alternative — hydrafinil (9-fluorenol) is marketed by vendors as a eugeroic, wakefulness-promoting nootropic. The CRITICAL fact is the near-total ABSENCE of evidence: there are NO human clinical trials of hydrafinil for any cognitive or wakefulness use, no approval, and effectively no peer-reviewed pharmacology of 9-fluorenol AS A NOOTROPIC. The vendor 'more potent than modafinil' claims trace to unpublished/secondary sources, not to any published human or even solid animal efficacy trial. The only legitimate literature that touches 9-fluorenol is analytical chemistry (a single human pilot study mapped how a 50 mg oral dose is metabolized and eliminated for doping-control detection — three volunteers, pharmacokinetics only) and unrelated synthetic-chemistry / environmental work on fluorene derivatives — NONE of it nootropic efficacy. This is the thinnest 'absence of evidence' entry in the library. Harms are extrapolated from the wakefulness/modafinil class and are UNPROVEN for hydrafinil specifically: insomnia, anxiety, headache, raised blood pressure and heart rate; layered on top of grey-market unknowns — unverified identity, purity and dose, no safety data at all, and no medical supervision. It is NOT an approved medicine, NOT a dietary supplement, and there is no human use this library can recommend. Informational, harm-reduction entry only — the honest takeaway is that hydrafinil's benefit and safety are essentially unstudied in humans.